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AppleApple
Apple (Malus pumila)

Family:

Common names: Apple, Crab apple

Distributed in: Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Nepal, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, United Kingdom (Eastern Europe, Oceania and S.E. Asia, Western Europe)

Distribution overview: Southeastern Europe and central Asia. It is now a naturalized species in the United States and Canada..

Common uses: Carvings, Golf club heads, Handles, Inlay work, Ornamental work , Shafts/Handles, Sporting Goods, Tool handles, Turnery, Woodwork

Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed

Tree size: Tree height is 20-30 m

Colors: the heart isRed, Reddish brownand the sapwoodBright red, purplish-red, or light reddish-brown , Pink.The grain isStraight, the textureMedium

Natural durability: Very resistant to power-post beetle , Weathering properties are very poor

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Kiln Schedules: T6 - C3 (4/4) US

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly

Drying Defects: Slight twist/warp, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Blunting Effect: Medium effect

Boring: Generally easy

Carving: Fine even texture grain is suitable for carving

Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw

Mortising: Easy to mortise

Moulding: Good moulding properties

Movement in Service: Good moulding properties

Nailing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult, Pre-Boring Recommended

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood

Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work

Routing recessing: Generally good

Sanding: Generally good

Steam bending: Poor because of brittleness

Screwing: Pre-boring recommended ; Turning: Good results

Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Stains very well ;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,64
Density 689 kg/m3
Bending Strength kg/cm2
Crushing Strength kg/cm2
Hardness kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength kg/cm2
Stiffness 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 10 %
Radial Shrinkage 6 %
Weight 673 544 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Density 43 lbs/ft3
Specific Gravity 0.64
Weight 42 34. lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 6 %
Tangential Shrinkage 10 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 16 %

Heavy
Hardness = medium
The wood weighs about the same as an average Oak (Quercus ) when dry, but it is somewhat lighter than oak in the green condition. It is also harder than Wild pear (Pyrus ), but is less uniform

Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois and E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods: Temperate and Tropical. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Madison, Wisconsin.Brockman, F.C. and R. Merrilees.1986.Trees of North America - A Guide to Field Identification.Revised Version.Herbert S. Zim, editor. Published by the Golden Press, New York.Constantine, Jr., A. J. 1959.Know Your Woods - A Complete Guide to Trees, Woods, and Veneers.Revised Edition.Revised by H.J. Hobbs.Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.Laidlaw, W.B.R.1960. Guide to British Hardwoods.Published by Leonard Hill [Books] Limited, 9 Eden Street, N.W.1, London.Lincoln, W.A. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California.Nairn, P.M., Editor. 1936. Wood Specimens - 100 Reproductions in Color -A Series of Selected Timbers Reproduced in Natural Color with Introduction and Annotations by H.A. Cox. The Nema Press, Proprietors of Wood, London.USDA. 1988. Dry Kiln Operator's Manual - Preliminary Copy. Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.
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