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Gangaw (Mesua ferrea)
Family: Guttiferae Common names: Atha, Behetta champagam, Boonnak, Bosneak, Bunnark, Churuli, Dieng-ngai, Gangau, Gangaw, Iron wood tree, Kawtanok, Kesaramu, Lenggapas, Mai-kam-kaw, Mai-ting, Mallay, Mesua, Nagachambagam, Nagachampa, Nagakesara, Nagasampige, Nagear, Nageshvaro, Nagkesar, Nahor, Naku, Nangal, Nangu, Ngai-ching, Nohar, Penaga, Peri, Rimpumara, Surili, Suruli, Vainavu, Vap, Vap nagasari, Veluthapala Distributed in: Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam (Oceania and S.E. Asia) Distribution overview: The genus Mesua is composed of trees that are widely distributed in India and Southeast Asia. Common uses: Agricultural implements, Beams, Boat building (general), Boat building, Bridge beams, Bridge construction, Bridge joists, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Crossties, Flooring, Fuelwood, Furniture, Handles, Handles: general, Heavy construction, Lifeboats, Light construction, Matches, Mine timbers, Musical instruments, Piling, Poles, Posts, Railroad ties, Roofing, Shafts/Handles, Shipbuilding, Sporting Goods, Structural work, Tool handles, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Wheel spokes, Wheels, Wheelwright work Environment profile: Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center
The population of this species is relatively secure within its habitat in most areas in its range including Malaysia, but it is officially classified as Rare in Sri Lanka, Vulnerable in Vietnam, and either Extinct, Endangered, Vulnerable, or Rare in Bangladesh and Indonesia. Its environmental status in Myanmar
Tree size: Tree height is 40-50 m
Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite, White to yellow.The grain isStraight to interlocked, the textureSmoothand the lusterMedium
Natural durability: Very durable, Weathering properties are excellent Odor: No specific smell or taste
Kiln Schedules: Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is slow Kiln Drying Rate: Very slow (>28 days for boards < 32 mm, to >84 days for boards >= 63 mm) Drying Defects: Severe surface checking, Severe twisting/warping Ease of Drying: Reconditioning Treatement Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is fluted Blunting Effect: High to severe
Boring: Fairly easy to very easy Carving: Fairly Easy to Very Easy Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw Mortising: Fairly Easy to Very Easy Moulding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy Movement in Service: Fairly Easy to Very Easy Nailing: Difficult to nail
Planing: Planes well, to a good finish Resistance to Impregnation: Heartwood is resistant Response to hand tools: Responds Readily Routing recessing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy Sanding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy Veneering qualities: Suitable for peeling
Turning: Good results
Polishing: Good;
Hardness (side grain) = very hard 0 Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Bending strength (MOR) = high Max. crushing strength = very high Max. crushing strength = high Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Toughness-Hammer drop (impact strength) = high Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = medium Shrinkage, Radial = large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high Density (dry weight) = 67-75 lbs/cu. ft. Weight = very high Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very high Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very high May require special tools to process Density = very high Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft. Compression strength (parallel to grain) = very high Bending strength (MOR) = very high Chowdhury, K.A. and S.S. Ghosh. 1958. Indian Woods - Their Identification, Properties and Uses, Volume I - Dilleniaceae to Elaeocarpaceae. Published by the Manager of Publications, Delhi, India.Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Desch, H. E. 1957. Manual of Malayan Timbers - Volume I. Malayan Forest Records, No. 15. Malaya Publishing House Ltd., Singapore.Desch, H. E. 1957. Manual of Malayan Timbers. Malayan Forest Records, 28(30):315-318. Malaya Publishing House Ltd., Singapore.Desch, H.E.,1954,Manual of Malayan Timbers (2 vols,Malayan Forest Records,no.15India Forest Research Institute,1974,Indian Timbers - Mesua,Forest Research Institute & College, Dehra Dun. Information Series No.16Kadambi, K.,1954,Mesua ferrea Linn: Its silviculture and management,Indian Forester 80(9) pp531-50Kloot, N. H. and E. Bolza.1961.Properties of Timbers Imported into Australia.Technological Paper No. 12.Division of Forest Products, Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, Australia.Lee, Y.H., Lopez, D.T.,1968,The Machining Properties of some Malayan Timbers,Malayan Forester,3,pp194-210Limaye, V.D.1954. Grouping of Indian Timbers and their Properties, Uses and Suitability. Indian Forest Records, New Series. Timber Mechanics, Vol. 1, No. 2, Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun, India.Limaye, V.D. and B.R. Sen. 1953. Weights and Specific Gravities of Indian Woods. Indian Forest Records, New Series. Timber Mechanics, Vol. 1, No. 4, Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun, India.Limaye, V.D.,1933,The Physical and Mechanical Properties of woods grown in India (Third,Interim Report on Project 1,Indian Forest Records,18(10,pp1-70Malaysian Timber Industry Board,1986,100 Malaysian Timbers,The Malaysian Timber Industry BoardMathur, R.N.,1958,Borer damage to Mesua ferrea Linn and Poeciloneuron indicum Bedd.,Indian Forester 84(1) pp40-1Pearson, R.S., Brown, H.P.,1932,Commercial Timbers of India,Govt. Printer Calcutta,2 volsSallenave, P.,1955,Proprietes Phyiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux de l'Union Francaise,C.T.F.TSono, P.,1974,Merchantable Timbers of Thailand.,Forest Products Research Division, Royal Forest Department, Bangkok,,Thailand.Strugnell, E.J.,1931,Notes on woods for furniture making,Malaysian Forester 1 pp69-73Tewari, M.C., Jain, J.C.,1980,Utilization of Secondary Species,Journal of the National Building Organization 25(2) pp1-6Whitmore, T.C.,1973,Tree Flora of Malaya A Manual for Foresters Volume 2,Forest Department Ministry of Primary Industries Malaysia |
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