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Wenge (Millettia laurentii)
Family: Papilionaceae Common names: Anong, Awong, Awoung, Bokonge, Bwengu, Dikela, Kiboto, Mboto, Mibotu, Monkonge, Mukonde mutshi, Mundambi, N'gondou, N'toka, N'toko, Nson-so, Nsou-so, Otogo, Palissandre du congo, Pallissandre, Tshikalakala, Wenge, Zai-wenge Distributed in: Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zaire (Africa) Distribution overview: The natural growth range of the species is the open forests of Zaire, Cameroon, Gabon, the southern regions of Tanzania, and Mozambique. It is also found in the swampy forests of the Congo region. Common uses: Bedroom suites, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boxes and crates, Brush backs & handles, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Carvings, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Construction, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Drum sticks, Excelsior, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Lifeboats, Light construction, Living-room suites, Mine timbers, Musical instruments , Office furniture, Organ pipes, Paneling, Parquet flooring, Piano keys, Pianos , Plywood, Posts, Railroad ties, Shipbuilding, Sporting Goods, Tool handles, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative Product sources: The ITTO reports that timber from this species is produced regularly but it is exported only in low volumes. Wenge is always in limited supply on the US market. Some reasons for this are low yield from logs because of high waste from mulot or heavy worm infestation, supply problems from sources in Africa, and less demand on the market for darker colored woods. The wood is used almost exclusively for architectural purposes such as paneling and furniture pieces. Suppliers are reported to to be offering Wenge more frequently in recent years. Prices are often in the high range. Environment profile: Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center
Tree size: Tree height is 20-30 m
Colors: the heart isWhite, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isStraight to roey, the textureUniformand the lusterLow
Natural durability: Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles, Very durable Odor: No specific smell or taste
Kiln Schedules: UK=E US=T6D2/T3D1 Fr=5 Drying Defects: Severe surface checking, Slight end splitting Ease of Drying: Thick Stock Requires Care Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is not buttressed Comments: Exposure lightens color of wood General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory Lumber is occasionally left in the sun on purpose to lighten the color (sometimes requested by importers of Wenge) Blunting Effect: Medium effect Boring: Fairly difficult to very difficult Carving: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult
Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw Gluing: Easy to glue Mortising: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Moulding: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Movement in Service: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Nailing: Holds nails well, Possible if prebored Planing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable Response to hand tools: Good response Routing recessing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult
Sanding: Fair sanding qualities
Veneering qualities: Diifficult to veneer, Too heavy for plywood manufacture
Turning: Poor results
Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Varnishing: Weathering properties are very poor ;
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. 1 Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = very high Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft. Max. crushing strength = high Bending strength (MOR) = high Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Max. crushing strength = very high Hardness (side grain) = very hard Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very high Bending strength (MOR) = medium Weight = very high Strength properties vary with density Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Hardness (side grain) = medium Hardness (side grain) = hard Density = very high Compression strength (parallel to grain) = very high Bois et Forets des Tropiquies,1952,Wenge,Bois et Forets des Tropiques,No.25 pp.329-332Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood A. Wood Species from African Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFarmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOFouarge, J.,1970,Essais Physiques,Mecaniques et de Durabilite de Bois de la Republique,Democratique du Congo,I.N.E.A.C. Belgium Serie Technique,No.76France - C.T.F.T.,1966,Bois Tropicaux,C.T.F.T. Publ.,12HMSO.1972.Handbook of Hardwoods.2nd Edition.Revised by R.H. Farmer.Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.Hughes, J.F.,1971,The Principal Timber Trees of Cameroon,Unpublished dataITTO.1986.Tropical Timber Atlas, Volume 1 - Africa.International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) and Centre Technique Forestier Tropical (CTFT, 45bis, Avenue de la Belle Gabrielle, Nogent-sur-Marne Cedex, France.Jay, B.A.,1968,Timbers of West Africa,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesKaiser, J. 1990. Wenge:The Dark, Exotic Wood from Africa.Wood of the Month Annual, Supplement to Wood and Wood Products, September 1990, Page 24A.Kline, M. 1979. Millettia laurentii - Wenge. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World. Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co., Portlend, Maine. 1994. Page 238.Lebacq, L., Dechamps, R.,1967,Contribution a un Inventaire de Forets du Nord-kasai,Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale Belgium Annals Series 8 No.5Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California.NWFA. 1994. Wood Species Used in Wood Flooring. Technical Publication No. A200.National Wood Flooring Association, Manchester, MO.Pieters, A.,1977,Essences Forestieres du Zaire,R.U.G. Gent BelguimRendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. LondonRevue des Bois et de ses Applications,1957,Wenge (Millettia laurentii,Revue des Bois et de ses Applications,No12(5, p35Saint-Aubin, G. de,1963,La Foret du Gabon,CTFT Publ., No.21Sallenave, P.,1955,Proprietes Phyiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux de l'Union Francaise,C.T.F.TSallenave, P.,1964,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux (Premier Supplement,C.T.F.T. Publ.,no.23Scott, M.H.,1950,Notes on the more Important African Timbers Imported into the Union with,Special Ref. to Port. E.A. Species,Journal of the South African Forestry Association,No.19,pp18-62,[South,African Forestry Journal]Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Wood, B., Calnan, D.,1976,Toxic Woods,British Journal of Dermat 94 Suppl. 13 |
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