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KhachoKhacho
Khacho (Millettia pendula)

Family: Papilionaceae

Common names: Khacho, Sortom, Thinwin

Distributed in: Burma, India, Myanmar (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: The genus Millettia is composed of a large number of shrubs, woody climbers, and trees that are widely distributed in the warmer regions of Africa, Asia, and Australia. M. pendula occurs in the drier forests of Burma.

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Bridge beams, Bridge construction, Bridge joists, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Construction, Crossties, Factory construction, Farm vehicles, Furniture, Handles, Heavy construction, Light construction, Mine timbers, Moldings, Ornamental work , Paneling, Pile-driver cushions, Piling, Plywood, Posts, Railroad ties, Shafts/Handles, Tool handles, Turnery, Veneer: decorative, Walking sticks, Wheel spokes, Wheels

Product sources: Although flat-sawn lumber exhibits an attractive figure, the heartwood is generally too small for furniture work.

Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isRed, Whiteand the sapwoodWhite to pale brown , White to yellow.The grain isVery fine, the textureMedium coarse to coarseand the lusterLustrous

Natural durability: Perishable, Susceptible to insect attack

Kiln Drying Rate: Rapid

Drying Defects: Slight surface checking, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Variable results.

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Blunting Effect: Little

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Mortising: Easy to mortise

Moulding: Very Good to Excellent

Movement in Service: Very Good to Excellent

Nailing: Fair to Good , Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Planing: Very Good to Excellent Laning and other machining operations are very difficult.

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood

Response to hand tools: Easy to Work

Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy

Turning: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Painting: Very Good to Excellent; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,79 0,87
Density 1025 kg/m3
Bending Strength 905 1394 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 141 203 kg/cm2
Hardness 1304 kg
Impact Strength 134 170 cm
Shearing Strength 178 kg/cm2
Stiffness 127 154 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Weight 1009 1009 kg/m3
Maximum Load 1,26 1,68 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending 483 739 kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 12878 19841 psi
Crushing Strength 2019 2901 psi
Density 64 lbs/ft3
Hardness 2876 lbs
Impact Strength 53 67 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 6104 9269 psi
Shearing Strength 2535 psi
Static Bending 6880 10515 psi
Stiffness 1815 2201 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 18 24 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.79 0.87
Weight 63 63 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 13 %

Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft. 1
Hardness (side grain) = very hard
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium
Max. crushing strength = medium
Max. crushing strength = high
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very high
Toughness-Hammer drop (impact strength) = high
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very high
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high
Weight = very high
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high
Resists denting and marring
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Density = very high
Compression strength (parallel to grain) = very high
Bending strength (MOR) = very high
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = lowDifficult to process with ordinary tools

Carrapiett, J.B.,1960,Notes on ornamental timbers of Burma,Burmese Forester,10(1,pp37-53Chowdhury, K.A. and S.S. Ghosh. 1963. Indian Woods - Their Identification, Properties and Uses, Volume II - Linaceae to Moringaceae. Published by the Manager of Publications, Delhi, India.Clifford, N.,1957,Timber Identification for the Builder and Architect,Leonard Hill (Books) LTD. LondonGamble, J.S.,1902,A Manual of Indian Timbers,Sampson Low, Marston & Co. LondonHoward, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.Limaye, V.D.1954. Grouping of Indian Timbers and their Properties, Uses and Suitability. Indian Forest Records, New Series. Timber Mechanics, Vol. 1, No. 2, Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun, India.Limaye, V.D. and B.R. Sen. 1953. Weights and Specific Gravities of Indian Woods. Indian Forest Records, New Series. Timber Mechanics, Vol. 1, No. 4, Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun, India.Pearson, R.S., Brown, H.P.,1932,Commercial Timbers of India,Govt. Printer Calcutta,2 volsRamesh, Rao K., Purkayastha, S.K.,1972,Indian Woods - Their Identification Properties and Uses,Dehra Dun India,Vol. 3Sekhar, A.C. and D.N. Bhatia.1957.Physical and Mechanical Properties of Woods Tested at Forest Research Institute, Report VIII.Indian Forest Records, New Series, Timber Mechanics, Volume 1, Number 9. The Manager of Publications, Delhi.Sekhar, A.C., Bhatia, D.N.,1957,Physical and Mechanical Properties of Woods Tested at Forest Research,Institute. Report VIII,Indian Forest Records (n.s) Timber Mechanics 1(9) pp155-62Sono, P.,1974,Merchantable Timbers of Thailand.,Forest Products Research Division, Royal Forest Department, Bangkok,,Thailand.
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