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Difou (Morus mesozygia)
Family: Moraceae Common names: Apia, Avewotse, Aye, Bokenyama, Bona, Bongola, Bonkese, Ceceru, Difou, Dwini, Ewe aiye, Forescom, Kankate, Kebuni, Kesse, Lekankate, Lifokpe, Mei, Mulberry, N'tama, Odakum, Ododma, Okum, Ossel, Ossie, Sanda, Wanton, Wonton Distributed in: Angola, Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo, Zaire (Africa) Distribution overview: The species occurs on the fringes of the humid forests from Senegal to Cameroon, and Gabon. It is also reported to grow in dry savannah formations. The species is widely cultivated as a shade tree and to mark farm boundaries Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Construction, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Excelsior, Factory construction, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Fuelwood, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Living-room suites, Lumber, Millwork, Mine timbers, Moldings, Office furniture, Parquet flooring, Plywood, Posts, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Railroad ties, Rough boards/dimension stock, Rustic furniture, Sporting Goods, Stools, Sub-flooring, Tables , Toys, Turnery, Vats, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative Environment profile: Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center
Secure within its range, including Cameroon, but classified as Vulnerable in Ivory Coast. Its environmental status is listed as unknown because of inadequate information in Angola, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Togo, and Zaire
Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm
Colors: the heart isYellow, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWide, Yellow.The grain isStriped figure, the textureVery fineand the lusterPronounced
Natural durability: Very durable, Very durable Odor: No specific smell or taste Ease of Drying: Seasons satisfactorily Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect: Medium dulling effect on cutting edges Boring: Fairly difficult to very difficult
The wood responds to moulding operations fairly well, but cutters may dull fairly rapidly
Carving: Fairly easy with ordinary tools Cutting Resistance: Moderate to saw Gluing: Good gluing properties Mortising: Material mortises fairly easily Moulding: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Movement in Service: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Nailing: Holds nails well, Possible if prebored Planing: Special attention required Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is moderately resistant Response to hand tools: Responds Readily Routing recessing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult Sanding: Fairly good sanding properties Veneering qualities: Easy to cut
Screwing: Possible if prebored, Screwing yields good results; Turning: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult
Painting: Good; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Poor to Very Poor; Varnishing: Good;
Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Radial = small Max. crushing strength = very high Bending strength (MOR) = very high Hardness (side grain) = very hard Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Bending strength (MOR) = high Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = medium Very heavy Very dense Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Max. crushing strength = high Hardness (side grain) = hard Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high The species has exceptionally high bending strength properties in the air-dry condition (about 12 percent moisture content). It is far stronger, for example, than Hard maple, White oak, or Teak Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48Bois et Forets des Tropiques,1951,Difou (Morus mezozygia,Bois et Forets des Tropiques,No 18-19,pp143-6Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood A. Wood Species from African Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFlamigni, A.,1948,L'arbre Bonkenyama (Morus mesozygia Staff.,Buletin Agricole du Congo Belge,Vol 39 (3,pp593France - C.T.F.T.,Resultats des Observation et des essais effectues au CTFT sur Difou,C.T.F.T.,No.145Hedin, L.,1930,Etude sur la Foret et les Bois du Cameroun,Haut-Commissaire de la CamerounHughes, J.F.,1971,The Principal Timber Trees of Cameroon,Unpublished dataIrvine, F.R.,1961,Woody Plants of Ghana,O.U.P. LondonKeay, R.W.J.,1964,Nigerian Trees Vol.2,Nigeria Federal Department of Forest Research, IbadanKinloch, D., Miller, W.A.,1949,Gold Coast Timbers,Govt. Printer Gold CoastKryn, J.M., Forbes, E.W.,1959,The Woods of Liberia,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture,Forest Products Laboratory, Madison,,Report No. 2159Pieters, A.,1977,Essences Forestieres du Zaire,R.U.G. Gent BelguimSallenave, P.,1955,Proprietes Phyiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux de l'Union Francaise,C.T.F.TSallenave, P.,1964,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux (Premier Supplement,C.T.F.T. Publ.,no.23Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Taylor, C.J.,1960,Synecology and Silviculture in Ghana,University College of Ghana Thomas Nelson and SonsWCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing: Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center (WCMC, Plants Program, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom. |
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