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New Zealand silver beech
New Zealand silver beech (Nothofagus menziesii)

Family: Fagaceae

Common names: New Zealand silver beech, Silver beech, Southland beech

Distributed in: New Zealand (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Boat building: framing, Boxes and crates, Brush backs & handles, Cabinetmaking, Cooperages, Flooring, Food containers, Furniture, Heavy construction, Light construction, Plywood, Tables, Tool handles, Toys, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative

Tree size: Tree height is 30-40 m

Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureMediumand the lusterMedium

Natural durability: Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles, Susceptible to insect attack

Kiln Schedules: UK=E US=T6D2/T3D1 Fr=5

Drying Defects: Moderate end spitting, Slight end splitting

Ease of Drying: Moderate

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is buttressed

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Blunting Effect: Blunting effect on machining is moderate

Cutting Resistance: Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy

Gluing: Moderate gluing properties

Nailing: Holds satisfactorily

Planing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable

Response to hand tools: Moderate working qualities

Steam bending: Moderate

Screwing: Screwing yields satisfactory results ; Turning: Good results

Painting: Good; Polishing: Satisfactory; Staining: Finish is generally satisfactory;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 576 kg/m3
Bending Strength 632 985 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 314 493 kg/cm2
Hardness 424 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 121 kg/cm2
Stiffness 95 110 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Weight 560 448 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 8996 14020 psi
Density 36 lbs/ft3
Hardness 936 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 4468 7025 psi
Shearing Strength 1721 psi
Stiffness 1352 1565 1000 psi
Weight 35 28 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Tangential Shrinkage 9 %

Max. crushing strength = medium 0
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. 0
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Hardness (side grain) = soft
Bending strength (MOR) = low
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Max. crushing strength = high
Hardness (side grain) = very soft
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium
Hardness (side grain) = medium
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Max. crushing strength = low
Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft
Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft.

Bhat, R.V., Guhu, S.R.D.,1951,Indigeneous cellulosic raw materials for the production of pulp,,paper-board prt. II Semi-chemical and chemical pulps from Lannea grandis,(Jhingan,Indian Forester 77(9) pp568-85Bier, H.,1983,The strength properties of small clear specimens of New Zealand-grown,timber,New Zealand Forest Service Forest Research Institute, FRI Bulletin No.41Clifford, N.,1957,Timber Identification for the Builder and Architect,Leonard Hill (Books) LTD. LondonFarmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOForest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1945,A Handbook of Empire Timbers,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products ResearchForest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1967,The Steam Bending Properties of various timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Leaflet,No.45Forests Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1956,A Handbook of Hardwoods,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research EstablishmentKloot, N.H., Bolza, E.,1961,Properties of Timbers Imported into Australia,C.S.I.R.O. Forest Products Division Technological Paper,No.12Kribs, D.A.,1950,Commercial and Foreign Woods on the American Market (a manual to their,structure, identification, uses and distribution,U.S.A. Penn. State College, Tropical Woods LaboratoryRedding, L.W.,1971,Resistance of Timbers to Impregnation with Creosote,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Bulletin No.54 pp.43Reid, J.S.,1953,Beech Timbers,New Zealand Forest Service Information Series No.17Rendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. LondonSmith, D.N.,1959,The Natural Durability of Timber,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Record,No.30Smith, S.W. and Entrican, A.R.,1957,Forestry in New Zealand,New Zealand Forest Service Information Series No.1
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