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Black tupelo
Black tupelo (Nyssa sylvatica)

Family: Cornaceae

Common names: Black gum, Black tupelo, Chan thip, Lau tau, Mascalwood, Pepperidge, Resak, Sourgum, Taungsagaing, Tupelo, Tupelo gum

Distributed in: United States (North America)

Distribution overview: The growth range of Black tupelo in North America includes Ontario, Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Great Smoky Mountain National Park, Illinois, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, and West Virginia. The tree is often found in hardwood and pine forests and prefers moist soils of valleys and uplands.

Common uses: Baskets, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Cooperages, Core Stock, Crossties, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Factory flooring, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Food containers, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Hatracks, Kitchen cabinets, Living-room suites, Office furniture, Pallets, Plain veneer, Pulp/Paper products, Pulpwood, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Railroad ties, Rustic furniture, Stools, Sub-flooring, Tables , Utility furniture, Veneer, Wardrobes

Product sources: Supplies of Black tupelo plentiful, and the material is readily available, especially in the Eastern United States, at inexpensive prices.

Environment profile: Abundant May be rare in parts of its range, especially along the periphery

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isRed, Yellowand the sapwoodWide, Yellow.The grain isModerately to severely interlocked, the textureUniformand the lusterMedium

Natural durability: Resistant to termites, Susceptible to insect attack

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Kiln Schedules: T6 - H2 (4/4) US

Drying Defects: Interlocked grain may cause severe warping and distortion , Water pockets

Ease of Drying: Stack timber carefully to minimize degrade

Blunting Effect: Medium effect

Boring: Easy The wood bores easily. (Percent of pieces yielding good to excellent pieces in boring = 82)

Cutting Resistance: Medium cutting resistance

Gluing: Good gluing properties

Mortising: Very poor mortising properties Mortising properties are very poor. (Number of fair to excellent pieces out of one hundred = 24)

Moulding: Responds poorly to mortising The timber responds poorly to moulding. (Perecnt of pieces producing good to excellent in moulding = 32)

Movement in Service: Responds poorly to mortising The timber responds poorly to moulding. (Perecnt of pieces producing good to excellent in moulding = 32)

Nailing: Difficult to nail, Pre-boring recommended

Planing: Special attention required

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood

Response to hand tools: Somewhat difficult to work with hand tools

Sanding: Very poor response to sanding Number of pieces out of one hundred yielding good to excellent sanding results = 21

Steam bending: Very poor Percent of unbroken pieces = 42

Screwing: Possible if prebored Number of screwed pieces free from complete splits = 63 ; Turning: Somewhat difficult to turn Number of fair to excellent pieces out of one hundred = 79

Painting: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,42 0,46
Density kg/m3
Bending Strength 482 661 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 33 64 kg/cm2
Hardness 360 kg
Impact Strength 73 55 cm
Shearing Strength 92 kg/cm2
Stiffness 70 82 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 9 %
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Weight 673 528 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,42 0,56 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 6860 9408 psi
Crushing Strength 470 911 psi
Hardness 794 lbs
Impact Strength 29 22 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 2979 5410 psi
Shearing Strength 1313 psi
Stiffness 1009 1176 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 6 8 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.42 0.46
Weight 42 33 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Tangential Shrinkage 9 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 14 %

Resists denting and marring
Hardness = medium
Compression strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Weight is about average.

Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois and E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods: Temperate and Tropical. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Madison, Wisconsin.Kline, M. 1985. Nyssa sylvatica - Blackgum. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World. Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co., Portland, Maine. 1994. Page 245.Little, E.L.1980.The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees - Eastern Region.Published by Arthur A. Knopf, New York.Panshin, A.J. and C. deZeeuw. 1980. Textbook of Wood Technology, 4th Edition. McGraw-Hill Series in Forest Resources. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.USDA. 1987. Wood Handbook - Wood as an Engineering Material, Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook No. 72, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.USDA. 1988. Dry Kiln Operators Manual, Preliminary Copy. Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.
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