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Ampalang
Ampalang (Ochanostachys amentacea)

Family: Olacaceae

Common names: Ampalang, Basung, Empilung, Gai, Hampalung, Keitkel, Ketalen, Ketokal, Ketukal, Lembasung, Mancala, Merantai, Nahum, Petaling, Petatal, Petikal, Pilung, Pirong, Pitatar, Tanggal

Distributed in: Malaysia (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Common uses: Boxes and crates, Bridge construction, Flooring, Furniture, Heavy construction, Light construction, Piling, Poles, Posts, Sporting Goods

Tree size: Tree height is 20-30 m

Colors: the heart isRed, Reddish brownand the sapwoodWell defined, White to yellow.The grain isInterlocked, the textureFineand the lusterLustrous

Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Very durable

LightInduced Color Change: Darker

Kiln Schedules: Dry at a slow speed

Drying Defects: Severe spring/bow, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Difficult

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is not buttressed

Blunting Effect: Blunting effect on machining is moderate

Boring: Easy

Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw

Gluing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Mortising: Finishes well

Nailing: Nails hold poorly, Pre-Boring Recommended

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable

Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work

Sanding: Good sanding finish

Veneering qualities: No steaming needed during bolt preparation., There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits

Turning: Poor results

Painting: Fair to Good; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 881 kg/m3
Bending Strength kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 485 699 kg/cm2
Hardness 752 kg
Impact Strength 71 cm
Shearing Strength 155 kg/cm2
Stiffness 95 110 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 2 %
Weight 865 689 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Density 55 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1658 lbs
Impact Strength 28 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 6899 9945 psi
Shearing Strength 2205 psi
Stiffness 1358 1568 1000 psi
Weight 54 43 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 2 %
Tangential Shrinkage 4 %

Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Tangential = very small
Max. crushing strength = high
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Hardness (side grain) = medium

Browne, F.G.,1955,Forest Trees of Sarawak and Brunei and their Products.,Government Printing Office, Kuching, SarawakBurgess, P.F.,1966,Timbers of Sabah,Sabah Forest Record, no.6Desch, H.E.,1954,Manual of Malayan Timbers (2 vols,Malayan Forest Records,no.15Jackson, W.F.,1957,The Durability of Malayan Timbers,Malayan Forester,20,pp38-48Lee, Y.H., Lopez, D.T.,1968,The Machining Properties of some Malayan Timbers,Malayan Forester,3,pp194-210Malaysian Timber Industry Board,1986,100 Malaysian Timbers,The Malaysian Timber Industry BoardTamolang, F.N., Martawijaya, A., Kartasujana, I., Kadir, K., Parwira, S.,1992,Indonesian Wood Atlas Volume II,Department of Forestry, Agency for Forestry Research and Development,,Bogor-IndonesiaThomas, A.V., Browne, F.G.,1950,Notes on Air-Seasoning of Timber in Malaya,Malayan Forester 13(4) pp214-23Thomas, A.V., Pillai, P.K.B.,1954,Shrinkage of Malayan timbers,Malayan Forester 17(4) pp208-9Whitmore, T.C.,1973,Tree Flora of Malaya A Manual for Foresters Volume 2,Forest Department Ministry of Primary Industries Malaysia
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