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Greenheart
Greenheart (Ocotea rodiaei)

Family: Lauraceae

Common names: Achiamandola, Bebeeree, Bebeereen, Bebeeru, Beberu, Beberubaum, Beberuboom, Beeberoe, Bibiju, Bibir, Bibira, Bibiri, Bibiro, Bibiroo, Bibiru, Bibirubaum, Biburu, Black greenheart, Brown greenheart, Bull forehead greenheart, Cipiri, Cogwood, Demerara, Demerara greenheart, Demerara groenhart, Detema, Geelhart, Greenheart, Groen hart, Groenhartboom, Gruenherzbaum, Grunherzbaum, Grunholz, Ispingo moena, Itauba, Itaube, Kevatuk, Kut, Kwatuk, Kwatuk sipu, Maratakka, Pakouli, Queenwood, Rora, Rora-ek, Sepeira, Sepeiro, Sepira, Sipira, Sipiri, Sipiroe, Sipu, Supeira, Torchwood, Tugui, Tugul, Viruviru, Wainop, White greenheart, Yellow greenheart

Distributed in: Bahamas, Brazil, Cuba, Dominican Republic, French Guiana, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Suriname, Venezuela (Central America, Latin America, Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: The natural range of the species includes Guyana, Surinam, and Venezuela. It is also reported to occur from the Maroni region of western French Guyana to northern Brazil. Commercial quantities are found in the northern and central regions of Guyana

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Barge fenders, Billiard-cue butts, Boat building (general), Boat building: decking, Boat building: framing, Bobbins, Bridge construction, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Construction, Decks, Docks, Dockwork, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Filter press plates, Fishing rods, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Furniture, Harbor work, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Lock gates, Marine construction, Mine timbers, Naval architecture, Picker sticks, Pile-driver cushions, Piling, Plywood, Poles, Posts, Pulp/Paper products, Raft floats, Rafts, Railroad ties, Shade rollers, Shuttles, Specialty items, Spindles, Spools, Sporting Goods, Stencil & chisel blocks, Structural work, Sub-flooring, Sucker rods, Tool handles, Turnery, Umbrella handles , Vats, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative, Wharf construction, Wheel spokes

Product sources: The ITTO reports that timber from this species is produced at a regular rate. Exportation is also regular. Greenheart is marketed principally in Europe, with only limited quantities coming to the US market. It is available only in the lumber form from a few principal importers, and is typically priced in the expensive range.

Environment profile: Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isYellow to golden-yellow to orange, Yellowish to greenishand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isWeak figure, the textureUniformand the lusterLustrous

Natural durability: Very durable, Very durable

Odor: Seasoned material has no specific odor or taste

Kiln Schedules: UK=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3

Kiln Drying Rate: Very slow

Drying Defects: Slight twist/warp, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good General finishing qualities are rated as poor

Blunting Effect: Moderate to high blunting effect on cutting edges

Boring: Fairly difficult to very difficult

Carving: Poor carving characteristics

Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw

Gluing: Good gluing properties

Mortising: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Moulding: Very Good to Excellent

Movement in Service: Very Good to Excellent

Nailing: Pre-Boring Recommended, Pre-boring recommended

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood

Response to hand tools: Moderate working qualities

Sanding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy

Steam bending: Moderate

Screwing: Pre-boring recommended ; Turning: Very good

Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent; Varnishing: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,75 0,95
Density 1009 kg/m3
Bending Strength 1369 1838 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 702 931 kg/cm2
Hardness 1176 kg
Impact Strength 114 149 cm
Shearing Strength 165 kg/cm2
Stiffness 189 227 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 9 %
Radial Shrinkage 7 %
Weight 977 801 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,91 1,54 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 19476 26150 psi
Density 63 lbs/ft3
Hardness 2593 lbs
Impact Strength 45 59 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 9990 13250 psi
Shearing Strength 2353 psi
Stiffness 2696 3241 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 13 22 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.75 0.95
Weight 61 50 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 7 %
Tangential Shrinkage 9 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 15 %

Max. crushing strength = very high 0
Bending strength (MOR) = very high 0
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very high 0
Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft 0
Hardness (side grain) = hard 0
Shrinkage, Radial = large 0
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large 0
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high
Hardness (side grain) = very hard
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large
Shrinkage, Volumetric = large
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = high
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high
Density (dry weight) = 67-75 lbs/cu.ft
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Max. crushing strength = high
Very heavy
Very hard
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very high
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = medium
Shrinkage, Tangential = very small
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very high
Density (dry weight) = >75 lbs/cu. ft
Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft
Crushing strength = high
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Greenheart is two times harder than Oak, two times stronger in bending, compression parallel to grain, and resistance to shock, and more than twice as stiff.

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