Hard pear (Olinia cymosa)
Family: Oliniaceae
Common names: Hard pear, Mountain hard pear, Nquao, Olinia, Red berry, Rooibessi, Satyobe
Distributed in: South Africa (Africa)
Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Flooring, Furniture, Handles: general, Ladders, Mine timbers, Musical instruments, Paneling, Plywood, Posts, Sporting Goods, Toys, Turnery, Vehicle parts
Colors: the heart isGreenish to greyish, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeThe grain isWavy, the textureMediumand the lusterMedium
Natural durability: Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles, Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera)
Drying Defects: Moderate end spitting, Moderate twist/warp
Cutting Resistance: Cutting Resistance with green wood is difficult
Gluing: Easy to glue
Nailing: Possible if prebored
Planing: Planes well, to a good finish
Response to hand tools: Difficult to machine
Veneering qualities: Easy to cut
Screwing: Possible if prebored
; Turning: Easy to turn
Polishing: Good;
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
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Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
Specific Gravity |
|
|
|
Density |
|
801 |
kg/m3 |
Bending Strength |
654 |
1024 |
kg/cm2 |
Crushing Strength |
485 |
699 |
kg/cm2 |
Hardness |
|
1192 |
kg |
Impact Strength |
|
|
cm |
Shearing Strength |
|
223 |
kg/cm2 |
Stiffness |
134 |
155 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
Tangential Shrinkage |
|
|
% |
Radial Shrinkage |
4 |
|
% |
Weight |
785 |
624 |
kg/m3 |
Maximum Load |
|
|
cm-kg/cm3 |
Toughness |
|
|
cm-kg |
Static Bending |
|
|
kg/cm2 |
|
 |  |  |  | Item | Green | Dry | English | Bending Strength | 9310 | 14566 | psi | Density | | 50 | lbs/ft3 | Hardness | | 2628 | lbs | Maximum Crushing Strength | 6899 | 9945 | psi | Shearing Strength | | 3185 | psi | Stiffness | 1916 | 2208 | 1000 psi | Weight | 49 | 39 | lbs/ft3 | Radial Shrinkage | 4 | | % | Tangential Shrinkage | 8 | | % | |
Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Max. crushing strength = high Bending strength (MOR) = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very high Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Hardness (side grain) = very hard Hardness (side grain) = hard
Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48Banks, C.H.,1954,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with Particular Reference to those,grown in the Union of South Africa,Journal of the South African Forestry Association,No. 24 pp.44-65,[South,African Forestry Journal]Banks, C.H.,1970,The Durability of South African Wood and Wood Base Building Materials,South African Forestry Journal,No.75Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchScott, M.H.,1935,Weights of South African Growth Timbers,South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin,No.145,Forest Products Institute, Forestry Series No.1Sim, T.R.,1921,Native Trees of South Africa,Union of South Africa Department of Mines and Industries Memoir No.3South African Lumber Millers Assoc.,1969,Notes on some Commercially Available Hardwoods,S.A.L.M.A. Timber Info. Centre Timber Technical Guide,No.1Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7
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