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Angelim (Andira inermis)
Family: Leguminosae Common names: Acapurana, Acatrus, Ajunado, Akoelie, Akoelie tjerere, Almendro, Almendro cimarron, Almendro de rio, Almendro del rio, Almendro macho, Almendro montes, Almendro real, Andira, Andira jareua, Andira uchy, Angelica, Angelim, Angelim da varzea, Angelim do igapo, Angelim morcegueiro, Angelim rana, Angelin, Angelino, Aracuhy, Arbre a chou, Arenillo, Avineira, Barbosquillo, Bastard cabbage, Bastard cabbage-bark, Bat seed, Black blossom berry, Black plum, Bois olive, Bois palmiste, Bois palmiste des Antilles, Cabbage angelim, Cabbage angelin, Cabbage bark tree, Cabbage-bark, Cabbage-bark tree, Carbon, Carne asada, Chaperno, Chigo, Chirai, Cochenilla, Cocu, Coeur dehors, Congo, Cornwood, Cuartololoti, Cuartoloti, Cuilimbuca, Cuilimbuco, Cujia, Cumaru-rana, Dog almond, Dog-plum, mahogany, Guacamayo, Guayacan congo, Iximche, Jacaranda morcega, Kabbbes, Koeraroe, Koeraroe talaboe, Kohlbaum, Koraro, Kuraru, Kuraua, Leen, Legno pernice, Letterwood, Lmendro, Lombicero, Lombigueira, Lombricero, Maca colorado, Macallo, Macayo, Majagua gallina, Maquilla, Moca, Moca amarilla, Moca blaca, Moca blanca, Moca colorada, Morcegueira, Moton, Ocu, Pacay, Palo de burro, Palo de seca, Partridge wood, Peloto, Pheasant wood, Pilon, Pois pedirx, Purga, Quinillo colorado, Quira, Rebhuhnerholz, Rebhuhnholz, Red cabbage bark, Red cabbage tree, Reddie, Redietjabesi, Rere erepare, Rode kabbes, Rodes kabbes, Saint Martin, Saint Martin rouge, Saint-martin, Saint-Martin rouge, Sapupira da varzea, Tree cabbage, Trompilo, Uchy-rana, Vreemoesoehoedoe, wermrindenbaum, Wild olive, Wormbark, Wormwood, Yaba, Yaba amarilla, Yaba colorada, Yabo, Yava, Zwarte kabbes Distributed in: Bahamas, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ghana, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico [US], Senegal, Sudan, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela (Africa, Central America, Latin America, Oceania and S.E. Asia) Distribution overview: Occurs throughout the West Indies and from southern Mexico through Central America to northern South America and Brazil. Andira inermis is native from southern Mexico to Peru, Bolivia and Brazil. It has been introduced in the Antilles, Caribbean islands, Florida and Africa. In most locations the tree will grow under varying rainfall and soil conditions. Common uses: Agricultural implements, Bedroom suites, Billiard-cue butts, Boat building (general), Boxes and crates, Bridge construction, Brush backs & handles, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Construction, Crossties, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Exterior trim & siding, Exterior uses, Factory construction, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Framing, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Handles: woodworking tools, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Kitchen cabinets, Light construction, Living-room suites, Marine construction, Millwork, Mine timbers, Office furniture, Parquet flooring, Piling, Plywood, Posts, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Railroad ties, Rustic furniture, Shakes, Sheathing, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative, Walking sticks, Wheel spokes Environment profile: Secure in many areas of its range Tree size: Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm
Colors: the heart isYellow to golden-yellow to orange, Yellowish tanand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isWith distinct light and dark bands, the textureMediumand the lusterSlightly lustrous
Natural durability: Very durable, Very durable Odor: No specific smell or taste
Kiln Schedules: UK=E US=T6D2/T3D Fr=5 Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries at a moderate speed
Drying Defects: Slight cupping, Slight surface checking Ease of Drying: Slowly Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is not buttressed
Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good Generally strong and tough for its weight. Blunting Effect: Moderate Boring: Very good to excellent results Carving: Very good results Cutting Resistance: Low resistance to sawing Gluing: Satisfactory gluing properties Mortising: Very Good to Excellent Moulding: Good moulding properties Movement in Service: Good moulding properties Nailing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy, Holds nails well Planing: Very Good to Excellent Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood has low permeability Resistance to Splitting: Good
Response to hand tools: Responds well to hand tools Sanding: Very Good to Excellent Results Veneering qualities: Can sometimes be sliced into highly decorative veneers for paneling, Suitable for slicing
Screwing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy, Good screw holding properties; Turning: Very Good to Excellent Results
Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent; Varnishing: Surface Preparation;
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Max. crushing strength = medium Density (dry Weight) = >50 lbs/cu. ft Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Max. crushing strength = high Hardness (side grain) = Hard Bending strength (MOR) = low Bending strength (MOR) = high Ackerman, D.P., Krogh, P.M.D.,1961,Brachystegia Species for Railway Sleepers,Forestry in South Africa N0.1 July, pp47-49Arkwright, P.,1959,Know your Timber No.60 Andira inermis,Woodworking Industry,16(3, p151Association Technique Internationale des Bois Tropicaux,1955,Nomenclature Generale des Bois Tropicaux,Assoc. Tec. Int. des Bois Tropicaux Nogent-sur-Marne FranceBerni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building ResearchBoone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Hardwoods -Temperate and Tropical. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Brazier, J.D., Franklin, G.L.,1967,An Appraisal of the Wood Characteristics and Potential Uses of some,Nicaraguan Timbers,FAO for Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes RisboroughBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 9 Central America and the Caribbean,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesChichignoud, M., G. Deon, P. Detienne, B. Parant and P. Vantomme.1990.Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America.International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO, Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Division of CIRAD, 45 bis Avenue de la Belle Gabrielle, Nogent-sur-Marne, CEDEX, France.Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Clifford, N.,1953,Commercial Hardwoods - Their Characteristics Identification and,Utilization,Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. LondonConstantine, Jr., A. J. 1959.Know Your Woods - A Complete Guide to Trees, Woods, and Veneers.Revised Edition.Revised by H.J. Hobbs.Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFanshawe, D.B.,1954,Forest Products of British Guiana Part 1 Principal Timbers,Forest Department British Guiana Forestry Bulletin (New Series 2nd,Edition,No.1Flores Rodriguez, L.J.,1969,Description Caracteristicas y usos de 25 Maderas tropicales,Mexicanas,Camera Nacional de la Industria de la Construccion Serie Maderas de MexicoFors, A.J.,1965,Maderas Cubanas,Inst. Nac. Ref. Agraria La HabaraHoward, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.Irvine, F.R.,1961,Woody Plants of Ghana,O.U.P. LondonKeay, R.W.J.1989. Trees of Nigeria.Revised Version of Nigerian Trees. Clarendon Press, Oxford.Kline, M. 1987. Andira inermis- Patridge wood. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World, Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co., Portland, Maine. 1994. Page 41-42.Kribs, D.A.,1950,Commercial and Foreign Woods on the American Market (a manual to their,structure, identification, uses and distribution,U.S.A. Penn. State College, Tropical Woods LaboratoryLang, W.G.,1954,Forest Utilization in Saint Lucia British West Indies,Caribbean Forester 15 pp120-3Little, E.L., Wadsworth, F.H.,1964,Common Trees of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.249Little, E.L.,1948,A Collection of Tree Specimens from Western Ecuador,Caribbean Forester,9(3,pp215-98Longwood, F.R.,1961,Puerto Rican Woods - Their Machining Seasoning and Related Characteristics,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.205Longwood, F.R.,1962,Commercial Timbers of the Caribbean,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.207Marshall, R.C.,1934,Trees of Trinidad and Tobago,Government Printer Port of Spain TrinidadPatterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical PressRecord, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University PressRecord, S.J., Mell, C.D.,1924,Timbers of Tropical America,Yale Univ. PressRecord, S.J.,1927,Trees of Honduras,Tropical Woods,10, pp10-47Sallenave, P.,1955,Proprietes Phyiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux de l'Union Francaise,C.T.F.TSmith, E.E.,1954,The Forests of Cuba,Maria Moors Cabot Foundation,U.S.A. Publication, No. 2Swabey, C.,1941,The Principal Timbers of Jamaica,Department of Science and Agriculture Jamaica Bulletin No.29Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4Timber Development Association,1948,Some New Timbers and Their Uses No. 34,Timber Development Association Limited, London [TRADA]Titmuss, F.H.,1965,Commercial Timbers of the World,Technical Press Ltd., London, 3rd editionUSDA.1987.Wood Handbook - Wood as an Engineering Material.United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook No. 72, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Vink, A.T.,1965,Surinam Timbers,Surinam Forest Service Paramaribo,3rd rev. ed.WCMC.1992.Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center-Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.Woods, R.P.,1949,Timbers of South America,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesWood, B., Calnan, D.,1976,Toxic Woods,British Journal of Dermat 94 Suppl. 13Zeeuw, C. de, Gray, R.L.,1975,Tropical Timber Information Centre Brief No.1 - Andira Spp,TTIC |
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