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Abotoasebie
Abotoasebie (Pentadesma butyracea)

Family: Guttiferae

Common names: Abotoasebie, Agba, Aghe, Agyiapa, Akanti, Asuaindokun, Black mango tree, Bromabina, Bromabine, Butter tree, Candle butter tree, Candle tree, Chewstick, Ebot, Ehukei, Ehurike, Ekuso, Esoedokuno, Igbofia, Ijeni udegbu, Iroro, Izeni, Izeni eze, Ka-yoth, Kampampipampi, Kandika, Kiasose, Kiasoso, Kisidwe, Koma, Koma mufike, Komdi, Krinda, Lami, Lon, Lorokiere, Mbeke-wa, Mdayen, Mukomo, Njolei, Okarora, Oro, Orogbo, Orugbo erin, Ossa, Ossel, Ossol, Otelimo, Oze, Pagya, Pegya, Peigya, Pija, Pissaleboko, Seowe, Soe-kone, Soinankaw, Sokai, Solei, Suankyi, Suen, Sunkyi, Tallow tree, Tiakukebia, Udegbi, Udia ebiong, Waye, Waye-kpay, Weh-ti, Wotera

Distributed in: Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Togo, Zaire (Africa)

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Boxes and crates, Flooring, Fuelwood, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Millwork, Mine timbers, Oars, Plywood, Poles, Posts, Railroad ties, Sporting Goods, Turnery, Vats, Vehicle parts

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isRed, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isWavy, the textureMediumand the lusterSlightly lustrous

Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Susceptible to marine borer attack

LightInduced Color Change: None

Kiln Schedules: Dry at a slow speed

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly

Drying Defects: No twisting or warping, Slight end splitting

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Boring: Easy

Cutting Resistance: Cutting resistance with dry wood is variable

Mortising: Easy to mortise

Moulding: Easy to mould

Movement in Service: Easy to mould

Nailing: Poor to Very Poor , Pre-Boring Recommended

Planing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable

Response to hand tools: Easy to machine


Polishing: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 833 kg/m3
Bending Strength 1110 1636 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 573 801 kg/cm2
Hardness 945 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength kg/cm2
Stiffness 152 175 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 8 %
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Weight 817 721 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 15792 23275 psi
Density 52 lbs/ft3
Hardness 2085 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 8154 11402 psi
Stiffness 2167 2494 1000 psi
Weight 51 45 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Tangential Shrinkage 8 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 11 %

Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Max. crushing strength = high
Bending strength (MOR) = very high
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Shrinkage, Radial = large
Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high
Max. crushing strength = very high
Hardness (side grain) = medium
Density (dry weight) = 67-75 lbs/cu.ft
Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft
Shrinkage, Volumetric = small
Shrinkage, Volumetric = large
Hardness (side grain) = very hard
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Bending strength (MOR) = medium

Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBrenan, J.P.M., Greenway, P.J.,1949,Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire,Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford No.5 Tanganyika Territories Part 2Cooper, G.P., Record, S.J.,1931,The Evergreen Forests of Liberia,Yale School Forestry Bulletin,31,pp1-153Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood A. Wood Species from African Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentHedin, L.,1930,Etude sur la Foret et les Bois du Cameroun,Haut-Commissaire de la CamerounIrvine, F.R.,1961,Woody Plants of Ghana,O.U.P. LondonKeay, R.W.J.,1964,Nigerian Trees Vol.2,Nigeria Federal Department of Forest Research, IbadanKennedy, J.D.,1936,Forest Flora of Southern Nigeria,Government Printer LagosKryn, J.M., Forbes, E.W.,1959,The Woods of Liberia,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture,Forest Products Laboratory, Madison,,Report No. 2159Kunkel, G.,1965,The Trees of Liberia,German Forestry Mission to Liberia Report,No.3Lebacq, L., Dechamps, R.,1967,Contribution a un Inventaire de Forets du Nord-kasai,Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale Belgium Annals Series 8 No.5Sallenave, P.,1955,Proprietes Phyiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux de l'Union Francaise,C.T.F.TSavill, P.S., Fox, J.E.D.,1967,Trees of Sierra LeoneTakahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Taylor, C.J.,1960,Synecology and Silviculture in Ghana,University College of Ghana Thomas Nelson and SonsUnwin, A.H.,1920,West African Forests and Forestry,T. Fisher Unwin Ltd. LondonVoorhoeve, A.G.,1965,Liberian High Forest Trees,Centre for Agric. Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen
*Come interpretare i dati (manleva su eventuali imprecisioni)