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Loblolly pineLoblolly pine
Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda)

Family: Pinaceae

Common names: Bassett pine, Foxtail pine, Indian pine, Loblolly pine, Longleaf pine, North Carolina pine, Oldfield pine, Pine, Pinho-teda, Swamp pine, Taeda pine, Torch pine, Yellow pine

Distributed in: Brazil, New Zealand, South Africa, Uganda, United States, Uruguay, Zambia, Zimbabwe (Africa, Latin America, North America, Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: Loblolly pine is native to fifteen southeastern states in the United States. Its range extends from southern New Jersey south to central Florida, west to eastern Texas, and north to the far southeastern region of Oklahama. It grows on various soil types, from deep, poorly drained flood plains to well-drained slopes of rolling, hilly uplands, and it often forms pure stands, usually on abandoned farmlands. It grows from sea level to an elevation of 1500 to 2000 feet (457 to 610 m).

Common uses: Balsam, Balusters, Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Chemical containers, Furniture, Joinery, Light construction, Paneling , Plywood, Poles, Pulp/Paper products, Railroad ties, Tool handles, Toys, Vats

Product sources: Scots pine is available in long lengths at low prices, but clear grades are rather difficult to obtain in commercial quantities. In addition to domestic supplies, very large quantities of Scots pine timber are imported from northern Europe into England. The imported wood is known by the trade names 'redwood' or 'red deal'.The following species in the database has similar properties to Scots pine: Para rubbertree (Hevea brasiliensis)

Environment profile: Environmental status not officially assessed

Tree size: Tree height is 30-40 m

Colors: the heart isWhite to cream, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureMedium coarse to coarseand the lusterMedium

Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Vulnerable to attack by powder-post beetles

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Kiln Schedules: UK=H US=T10D4S/T8D3S Fr=7

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries at a moderate speed

Drying Defects: Splitting, Tends to distort and check durin drying

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is unknown

Comments: Higher in density More stable

Blunting Effect: Little

Boring: Responds well to boring

Carving: Good results

Cutting Resistance: Moderate to saw

Gluing: Moderate gluing properties

Mortising: good

Moulding: Generally easy moulding operations

Movement in Service: Generally easy moulding operations

Nailing: Good nailing characteristics, Nails hold poorly

Planing: Works fairly well but some material may pick up during planning

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable

Resistance to Splitting: Poor

Response to hand tools: Responds Readily

Routing recessing: Responds well to routing operations

Sanding: Frequent sandpaper changes is usually necessary because of clogging by resin

Steam bending: Moderate

Screwing: Good screwing properties, Screwing yields good results; Turning: Works easily in turning and most machining operations

Painting: Satisfactory; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,44 0,47
Density 512 kg/m3
Bending Strength 475 793 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 26 54 kg/cm2
Hardness 292 kg
Impact Strength 73 106 cm
Shearing Strength 95 kg/cm2
Stiffness 87 108 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 6 %
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Weight 496 384 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,56 0,7 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness 218 cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 6768 11292 psi
Crushing Strength 382 774 psi
Density 32 lbs/ft3
Hardness 645 lbs
Impact Strength 29 42 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 3209 6069 psi
Shearing Strength 1352 psi
Stiffness 1248 1537 1000 psi
Toughness 190 inch-lbs
Work to Maximum Load 8 10 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.44 0.47
Weight 31 24 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Tangential Shrinkage 6 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 12 %

Bending strength (MOR) = low 0
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low 1
Max. crushing strength = low 0
Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft.
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low
Max. crushing strength = medium
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Hardness (side grain) = very soft
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Tangential = very small
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Hardness (side grain) = soft
Density (dry weight) = 15-22 lbs/cu. ft.
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = high
Toughness (total work) = low
Soft wood, with surfaces denting easily
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Shrinkage, Radial = large
Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large
Crushing strength = high
Bending strength (MOR) = high

Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois and E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods: Temperate and Tropical. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Madison, Wisconsin.Kaiser, Jo-Ann.Wood of the Month:Southern Pine - The Commercial Name for 10 Species.Wood & Wood Products, June, 1991.Little, E.L.1980.The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees - Eastern Region.Published by Arthur A. Knopf, New York.Mirov, N.T. 1967. The Genus PINUS. The Ronald Press Company, New York. LCC Card No. 67-14783.NWFA. 1994. Wood Species Used in Flooring.Technical Publication No. A200.National Wood Flooring Association, Manchester, MO.Panshin, A.J. and C. deZeeuw. 1980. Textbook of Wood Technology, 4th Edition. McGraw-Hill Series in Forest Resources. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.USDA. 1987. Wood Handbook - Wood as an Engineering Material, Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook No. 72, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin. 57,74,307,439,159,97,810,303,535,360USDA. 1988. Dry Kiln Operators Manual, Preliminary Copy. Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.
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