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Scrub pine
Scrub pine (Pinus virginiana)

Family: Betulaceae

Common names: Jersey pine, Pine, Scrub pine, Southern pine, Virginia pine

Distributed in: United States (North America)

Distribution overview: This species occurs from southeastern New York south to northeastern Mississippi, and north to southern Indiana. It is common in abandoned fields as a pioneer species after grasses on the Piedmont hills, and grows rapidly to form thickets. It prefers clay, loam, and sandy loam on well-drained sites. It forms pure stands, and can do well even in poor or severely eroded soils. It is also found in mixed forest types, and grows from sea level to an altitute of 100 to 2500 feet (30 to 762 m).

Product sources: The primary commercial southern pine, Lololly pine is among the fastest growing of the southern pines, and is widely planted in forest plantations for pulpwood and lumber.

Environment profile: Widespread, abundant and globally secure

Tree size: Tree height is 30-40 m

Colors: the heart isRed, Yellowand the sapwoodWhitish .The grain isStraight, the textureMedium

Natural durability: Resistant to powder post beetles, Susceptible to insect attack

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries quickly

Drying Defects: Splitting

Ease of Drying: Rapidly

Blunting Effect: Moderate blunting effect on cutting edges

Cutting Resistance: Resin exudation may gum up sawteeth

Gluing: Good gluing properties

Nailing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy, Good nail holding properties

Planing: High resin content may be troublesome since cutters tend to gum up

Resistance to Impregnation: Fairly difficult to treat with preservative chemicals

Response to hand tools: Fair response to hand tools

Sanding: Good sanding properties

Steam bending: Rather poor steam bending qualitites due to high resin content

Screwing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy, Good screw holding properties;

Painting: Satisfactory painting properties ; Polishing: Fairly satisfactory finishing treatments ; Staining: Stains well; Varnishing: Responds satisfactorily to most finishing treatments ;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,42 0,43
Density kg/m3
Bending Strength 502 895 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 62 97 kg/cm2
Hardness 328 kg
Impact Strength 83 78 cm
Shearing Strength 93 kg/cm2
Stiffness 84 104 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Weight kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 7154 12740 psi
Crushing Strength 892 1385. psi
Hardness 725 lbs
Impact Strength 33 31 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 3352 6576 psi
Shearing Strength 1323 psi
Stiffness 1196 1490 1000 psi
Specific Gravity 0.42 0.43
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 12 %

High bending strength in air-dry condition (about 12% moisture content)
Hardness = medium
Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high

Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois and E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods: Temperate and Tropical. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Madison, Wisconsin.Little, E.L.1980.The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees - Eastern Region.Published by Arthur A. Knopf, New York.Mirov, N.T. 1967. The Genus PINUS. The Ronald Press Company, New York. LCC Card No. 67-14783.USDA. 1987. Wood Handbook - Wood as an Engineering Material, Forest Service, Agriculture Handbook No. 72, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.USDA. 1988. Dry Kiln Operators Manual, Preliminary Copy. Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.
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