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Cativo (Prioria copaifera)
Family: Leguminosae Common names: Algorrobillo, Amansamujer, Amanza muger, Cabimbo, Cabimo, Cabino blanco, Camiba, Camibar, Canime, Cativo, Cativo blanco, Cativo negro, Cautivo, Copachu, Copahyba, Copaiba, Copaibarana, Curucai, Eativo, Floresa, Kartiva, Muramo, Palo de aceite, Red cativo, Spanish walnut, Tabasara, Tabosara, Taito, Timbo y ata, Trementino, White cativo Distributed in: Belize, Bolivia, Colombia, Columbia, Costa Rica, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Venezuela (Central America, Latin America, Oceania and S.E. Asia) Distribution overview: The species occurs in the lowland regions from Nicaragua to Colombia, and is often found in pure stands. Common uses: Bedroom suites, Boxes and crates, Building materials, Cabinetmaking, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Core Stock, Decorative plywood, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Excelsior, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Light construction, Living-room suites, Millwork, Moldings, Musical instruments, Office furniture, Paneling, Plain veneer, Plywood corestock, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Railroad ties, Rustic furniture, Stools, Structural plywood, Tables , Trimming, Utility furniture, Utility plywood, Veneer, Veneer: decorative Product sources: The ITTO reports that the species is an important source of timber. The timber is exported at a low but regular rate. Environment profile: Status unknown in many of its growth areas Tree size: Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm
Colors: the heart isRed, Reddish brownand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isWeak figure, the textureUniformand the lusterSuperficially dull, golden luster underneath
Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Vulnerable to white-rot fungi Odor: No specific smell or taste LightInduced Color Change: Darker
Kiln Schedules: UK=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3 Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly Drying Defects: Slight spring/bow, Slight twist/warp Ease of Drying: Slowly Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good Oil exudations are common Blunting Effect: Slight Boring: Very good to excellent results Carving: Seasoned wood is generally easier to work
Cutting Resistance: Surfaces tend to be woolly Gluing: Very Good to Excellent Results Mortising: Very Good to Excellent Moulding: Very Good to Excellent Movement in Service: Very Good to Excellent Nailing: Fair to Good , Fairly Easy to Very Easy Planing: Very Good to Excellent Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood Response to hand tools: Seasoned wood works well Routing recessing: Fairly good response to preservative treatment
Sanding: Good sanding finish Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy Steam bending: Moderate
Screwing: Fair to Good Results, Very Good to Excellent Results; Turning: Very Good to Excellent Results
Painting: Very Good to Excellent; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent;
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low 0 Shrinkage, Tangential = small 0 Shrinkage, Radial = very small 0 Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low 0 Bending strength (MOR) = low 0 Hardness (side grain) = very soft Bending strength (MOR) = very low Hardness (side grain) = soft Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Hardness (side grain) = medium Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Work to Maximum Load = very low Weight = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Hardness (side grain) = hard Density = medium Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Compression strength (parallel to grain) = medium Bending strength (MOR) = medium Barbour, W.R.,1952,Cativo (Prioria copaifera,Journal of Forestry,50(2,PP96-9Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building ResearchBodig, J. and B. A. Jayne. 1982. Mechanics of Wood and Wood Composites. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York.Bois et Forets des Tropiques,1965,Quel est le Bois nomme Cativo (Prioria copaifera)?,Bois et Forets des Tropiques,No.103,pp59-60Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Hardwoods - Temperate and Tropical. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Brown, W.H.,1969,Properties and uses of Tropical hardwoods in the United Kingdom. Part 1,Nonstructural properties and uses.,Conference on Tropical hardwoods SC-5/TN-5, Syracuse UniversityBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 9 Central America and the Caribbean,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesChichignoud, M., G. Deon, P. Detienne, B. Parant and P. Vantomme.1990.Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America.International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO, Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Division of CIRAD, 45 bis Avenue de la Belle Gabrielle, Nogent-sur-Marne, CEDEX, France.Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Constantine, Jr., A. J. 1959.Know Your Woods - A Complete Guide to Trees, Woods, and Veneers.Revised Edition.Revised by H.J. Hobbs.Charles Scribner's Sons, New York.Cooper, G.P.,1928,Some Interesting Trees of Western Panama,Tropical Woods,2(14,PP1-8Davis, E.M.,1949,Exploratory tests in machining and related properties of 15 Tropical,American Hardwoods,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison,Report,No.1744Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFleischer, H.O.,1956,The Longitudinal Shrinkage of Cativo (Prioria copaifera,Tropical Woods,15(105,PP1-5Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1955,Kiln-Drying Schedules,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research Establishment Leaflet,No.42Harrar, E.S.,1942,Some Physical Properties of Modern Cabinet Woods 3. Directional and Volume,Shrinkage,Tropical Woods,9(71, pp26-32Hess, R.W., Wangaard, F.F., Dickinson, F.E.,1950,Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods 2,Tropical Woods,13(97,pp1-132I.U.F.R.O.,1973,Veneer Species of the World,Assembled at F.P.L. Madison on behalf of I.U.F.R.O. Working Party on,Slicing and Veneer CuttingKribs, D.A.,1950,Commercial and Foreign Woods on the American Market (a manual to their,structure, identification, uses and distribution,U.S.A. Penn. State College, Tropical Woods LaboratoryKukachka, B.F., Kryn, J.M.,1958,Cativo (Prioria copaifera,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison,,Foreign Wood Series No.1998Kukachka, B.F.,1965,Cativo (Prioria copaifera,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Research Note,095Kukachka, B.F.,1970,Properties of Imported Tropical Woods,Forest Research Paper FPL 125Kynoch, W., Norton, N.A.,1938,Mechanical Properties of certain tropical woods chiefly from S. America,School of Forestry and Conservation, University of Michigan Bulletin,No.7Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University PressRecord, S.J., Mell, C.D.,1924,Timbers of Tropical America,Yale Univ. PressSchmieg, K.,1927,Notes on Cabinet Woods,Tropical Woods,2(9,PP1-3Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4Timber Development Association Ltd.,1948,Notes on Ecuadorian Timbers,TRADA, Timber Information,35,pp5Timber Development Association,1948,Some New Timbers and Their Uses No. 34,Timber Development Association Limited, London [TRADA]U.S.D.A. Forest Service,1974,Wood Handbook,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Handbook,72Villamil, F.G.,1971,Maderas Colombianas,Proexpo ColombiaWangaard, F.F., and A.F. Muschler. 1952. Tropical Woods - Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods, Volume III, No. 98. School of Forestry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.Wangaard, F.F., Muschler, A.F.,1952,Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods 3,Tropical Woods,14(98, pp1-190Wangaard, F.F.,1951,The Physical Properties of Tropical Woods,F.A.O. For. & For. Prod. Studies Series No.3 Tropical Woods and Ag.,Residues as sources of pulp,pp10-16WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center-Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.Woods, R.P.,1949,Timbers of South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series |
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