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Gronfoeloe (Qualea rosea)
Family: Vochysiaceae Common names: Berg gronfoeloe, Berg kwarrie, Berggronfolo, Cedre gris, Couari cedre, Florecillo, Gonfolo, Gonfolo gris, Gonfolo rose, Gonfolo-couali, Gonfolo-kouali, Grignon fou, Grinon fou rouge, Gronfoeloe, Iriakopi, Jakopi, Kouali, Laba laba, Lacreiro, Mandio, Mandioqu, Mandioqueira, Mandioqueira aspera, Mandioqueira escamosa, Mandioqueira lisa, Mirauba de terra firme, Mountain gronfoeloe, Mountain gronfoloe, Pao terra, Quaruba, Umirirana Distributed in: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela (Central America, Latin America) Distribution overview: The genus consists of about 45 species, and is common in the Amazon region and the Guianas in tropical America. Q. rosea occurs prinicipally in the Guianas. Common uses: Beams, Boxes and crates, Bridge construction, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Canoes, Casks, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Concrete formwork, Construction, Decks, Decorative plywood, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Door, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Exterior trim & siding, Exterior uses, Factory construction, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Form work, Foundation posts, Framing, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, General carpentry, Glued laminated-beams, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Interior construction, Interior trim, Joinery, Joists, Kitchen cabinets, Light construction, Living-room suites, Marine construction, Millwork, Mine timbers, Moldings, Piling, Plywood corestock, Plywood, Poles, Structural work, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative Product sources: The ITTO reports that the species is a very important source of timber. The timber is exported in limited quantities. Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed Tree size: Tree height is 20-30 m
Colors: the heart isRed, Reddish brownand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellowish.The grain isStraight to interlocked, the textureMedium to coarseand the lusterPronounced
Natural durability: Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera), Susceptible to marine borer attack Odor: No specific smell or taste Silica Content: Contains high levels of silica (> 0.5% of dry weight)
Levels of 0.10% (of ovendry weight) have been reported. Silica content of 0.05% is generally believed to be high enough to affect the machining properties of wood
Kiln Schedules: US=T3-D2/T3-D1 Drying Defects: Slight surface checking, Warping can be expected Ease of Drying: Thick Stock Requires Care Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is not buttressed
Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good Some bearing some resemblance to Spanish cedar (Cedrela )Varies widely in appearance and properties Blunting Effect: Moderate Boring: Very good to excellent results Cutting Resistance: Dulls saws severly Gluing: Satisfactory gluing properties Mortising: Very Good to Excellent Nailing: Holds nails well, Pre-Boring Recommended Planing: Planes well, to a good finish Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood Response to hand tools: Responds Readily Sanding: Very Good to Excellent Results Steam bending: Fair to Good Results
Screwing: Fair to Good Results, Fairly Easy to Very Easy; Turning: Very Good to Excellent Results
Staining: Very Good to Excellent;
Hardness (side grain) = soft 1 Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. 1 Bending strength (MOR) = medium 0 Max. crushing strength = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = large Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Max. crushing strength = high Shrinkage, Volumetric = large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Shrinkage, Volumetric = moderate Shrinkage, Volumetric = fairly large Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = low Bending strength (MOR) = high Weight = high Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Resists denting and marring Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Moderately hard High in density Hardness (side grain) = medium Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high Comparable to teak Bending strength (MOR) = very high Air-Dried condition about 12% moisture content Other species comparable in strength include Teak, White oak, and Hard maple Bena, P.,1960,Essences Forestieres de Guyane,Bureau Agricole et Forestier Guyanais GuyanaBerni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building ResearchBoone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Hardwoods - Temperate and Tropical. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesCaribbean Commission,1952,Information on properties of timbers gathered by questionnaire and,collated in the secretariat of the Caribbean Commission including some,related data from technical literature.,Caribbean Commission, Port of Spain, Trinidad Caribbean Timbers, their,Utilization and Trade within the area CTUTA/1/Doc.7 + App.1-18Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFrance - Comite Nacional des Bois Coloniaux,1931,Etude Physique et Mecanique des Bois Coloniaux,Assoc. Colonies-Sciences & Comite National des Bios Coloniaux, Paris,,FranceLongwood, F.R.,1962,Commercial Timbers of the Caribbean,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.207Normand, D.,1966,Les Kouali, Vochysiacees de Guyane et leurs bois,Bois et Forets des Tropiques,No.110 pp3-11 (Part 2) 111 pp5-17Record, S.J. and R.W. Hess. 1943. Timbers of the New World. Published on the Charles Lathrop Pack Foundation, Yale University Press, New Haven CT.Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University PressRecord, S.J., Mell, C.D.,1924,Timbers of Tropical America,Yale Univ. PressSallenave, P.,1955,Proprietes Phyiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux de l'Union Francaise,C.T.F.TSallenave, P.,1964,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux (Premier Supplement,C.T.F.T. Publ.,no.23Sallenave, P.,1971,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux (Deuxieme,Supplement,C.T.F.T.Sekhar, A.C., Rawat, N.S.,1960,A note on the mechanical properties of Prosopis juliflora,Indian Forester 86(8) pp485-87Surinam Forest Service,1952,Surinam Timber - A Summary with brief descriptions of the main timber,species of Surinam,Surinam Forest ServiceTakahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4Timber Development Association Ltd.,1955,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Timber Development Association Ltd.Vink, A.T.,1965,Surinam Timbers,Surinam Forest Service Paramaribo,3rd rev. ed.Wangaard, F.F., and A.F. Muschler. 1952. Tropical Woods - Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods, Volume III, No. 98. School of Forestry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.Wangaard, F.F., W.L. Stern, and S.L. Goodrich. 1955. Tropical Woods - Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods, Volume V, No. 103. School of Forestry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.Woods, R.P.,1949,Timbers of South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series |
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