California black oak (Quercus kelloggii)
Family: Fagaceae
Common names: Black oak, California black oak, Kellogg oak
Distributed in: United States (North America)
Distribution overview: The geographical range of the species includes southwest Oregon south in Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada to southern California. It grows at elevations of 1000 to 8000 feet (305 to 2438 m), and is often found in nearly pure stands or in mixed coniferous forests. The tree prefers sandy, gravelly, and rocky soils of foothills and mountains.
Common uses: Building materials, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Fuelwood, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Hatracks, Interior construction, Interior trim, Kitchen cabinets, Living-room suites, Millwork, Moldings, Office furniture, Pallets, Paneling , Parquet flooring, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Rustic furniture, Stools, Sub-flooring, Tables , Utility furniture, Veneer, Wainscotting, Wardrobes
Product sources: For commercial purposes, California red oak is classified as a red oak. Although the primary sources of commercial American red oak are northern red oak (Q. rubra) and southern red oak (Q. falcata), various species in the red oak class are mixed and marketed together without distinction. Supplies of red oak are plentiful, and the species is one of the most commonly available domestic hardwoods. Oak in general, and particularly red oak, dominates as the most popular timber for furniture, followed by cherry, pine, mahogany, ash, pecan, hard maple, and walnut.Red oak is also a popular export to other countries, and is one of the most popular American oaks used in Europe.
Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed
Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm
Colors: the heart isPurple, Redand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isTight , the textureMedium
Natural durability: Non-durable, Perishable
Odor: No characteristic odor or taste when dry
Silica Content: Siliceous
Kiln Schedules: US=T3-B1
Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly
Drying Defects: Internal Honeycombing Possible, Ring Shakes
Ease of Drying: Slowly
Blunting Effect: Moderate
Boring: Very good to excellent results
Cutting Resistance:
The timber saws with little difficulty, and can be fed through machines at a faster rate than most other oaks.
Gluing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Mortising: Very good mortising qualities
Moulding: Responds very well to moulding
Movement in Service: Responds very well to moulding
Nailing: Pre-Boring Recommended, Very Good to Excellent
Planing: Very good planing characteristics
Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood
Response to hand tools: Responds Readily
Sanding: Yields quality surfaces
Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy
Steam bending: Very Good to Excellent Results
Screwing: Pre-boring recommended, Very Good to Excellent Results; Turning: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Polishing: Good; Staining: Very Good to Excellent;
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
|
|
|
|
Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
Specific Gravity |
0,5 |
0,56 |
|
Density |
|
|
kg/m3 |
Bending Strength |
|
599 |
kg/cm2 |
Crushing Strength |
|
99 |
kg/cm2 |
Hardness |
|
488 |
kg |
Impact Strength |
|
40 |
cm |
Shearing Strength |
|
101 |
kg/cm2 |
Stiffness |
|
68 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
Tangential Shrinkage |
|
|
% |
Radial Shrinkage |
4 |
|
% |
Weight |
1009 |
608 |
kg/m3 |
Maximum Load |
|
|
cm-kg/cm3 |
Toughness |
|
|
cm-kg |
Static Bending |
|
|
kg/cm2 |
|
| | | | Item | Green | Dry | English | Bending Strength | | 8526 | psi | Crushing Strength | | 1411 | psi | Hardness | | 1078 | lbs | Impact Strength | | 16 | inches | Shearing Strength | | 1441 | psi | Stiffness | | 970 | 1000 psi | Specific Gravity | 0.5 | 0.56 | | Weight | 63 | 38 | lbs/ft3 | Radial Shrinkage | 4 | | % | Tangential Shrinkage | 7 | | % | |
Heavy Hardness = medium Bending strength (MOR) = medium Air-Dried condition about 12% moisture content
California black oak is lower in strength than most of the other eastern Red oaks because of its lower specific gravity and lower percentage of summer wood
Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois and E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods: Temperate and Tropical. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Madison, Wisconsin.California Department of Forestry.Comparative Physical & Mechanical Properties of Western & Eastern Hardwoods.Prepared by Forest Products Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California.n/d.Little, E.L. 1980.The Audobon Society Field Guide to North American Trees - Western Region.Published by Arthur A. Knopf, New York.Niemiec, S.S., G.A. Ahrens, S. Willits, and D.E. Hibbs. March, 1995. Hardwoods of the Pacific Northwest. Oregon State University, College of Forestry,Research Contribution 8, Forest Research Laboratory, Department of Forest Products, Corvallis, Oregon.USDA. 1988. Dry Kiln Operator's Manual - Preliminary Copy. Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Western Wood Products Association.19__.Woods of the Western USA.Published and Distributed by the Western Wood Products Association, Yeon Building, 522 S.W. Fifth Avenue, Portland Oregon.
|