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California black oak
California black oak (Quercus kelloggii)

Family: Fagaceae

Common names: Black oak, California black oak, Kellogg oak

Distributed in: United States (North America)

Distribution overview: The geographical range of the species includes southwest Oregon south in Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada to southern California. It grows at elevations of 1000 to 8000 feet (305 to 2438 m), and is often found in nearly pure stands or in mixed coniferous forests. The tree prefers sandy, gravelly, and rocky soils of foothills and mountains.

Common uses: Building materials, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Fuelwood, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Hatracks, Interior construction, Interior trim, Kitchen cabinets, Living-room suites, Millwork, Moldings, Office furniture, Pallets, Paneling , Parquet flooring, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Rustic furniture, Stools, Sub-flooring, Tables , Utility furniture, Veneer, Wainscotting, Wardrobes

Product sources: For commercial purposes, California red oak is classified as a red oak. Although the primary sources of commercial American red oak are northern red oak (Q. rubra) and southern red oak (Q. falcata), various species in the red oak class are mixed and marketed together without distinction. Supplies of red oak are plentiful, and the species is one of the most commonly available domestic hardwoods. Oak in general, and particularly red oak, dominates as the most popular timber for furniture, followed by cherry, pine, mahogany, ash, pecan, hard maple, and walnut.Red oak is also a popular export to other countries, and is one of the most popular American oaks used in Europe.

Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isPurple, Redand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isTight , the textureMedium

Natural durability: Non-durable, Perishable

Odor: No characteristic odor or taste when dry

Silica Content: Siliceous

Kiln Schedules: US=T3-B1

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly

Drying Defects: Internal Honeycombing Possible, Ring Shakes

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Blunting Effect: Moderate

Boring: Very good to excellent results

Cutting Resistance: The timber saws with little difficulty, and can be fed through machines at a faster rate than most other oaks.

Gluing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Mortising: Very good mortising qualities

Moulding: Responds very well to moulding

Movement in Service: Responds very well to moulding

Nailing: Pre-Boring Recommended, Very Good to Excellent

Planing: Very good planing characteristics

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood

Response to hand tools: Responds Readily

Sanding: Yields quality surfaces

Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy

Steam bending: Very Good to Excellent Results

Screwing: Pre-boring recommended, Very Good to Excellent Results; Turning: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Polishing: Good; Staining: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,5 0,56
Density kg/m3
Bending Strength 599 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 99 kg/cm2
Hardness 488 kg
Impact Strength 40 cm
Shearing Strength 101 kg/cm2
Stiffness 68 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Weight 1009 608 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 8526 psi
Crushing Strength 1411 psi
Hardness 1078 lbs
Impact Strength 16 inches
Shearing Strength 1441 psi
Stiffness 970 1000 psi
Specific Gravity 0.5 0.56
Weight 63 38 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %

Heavy
Hardness = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Air-Dried condition about 12% moisture content
California black oak is lower in strength than most of the other eastern Red oaks because of its lower specific gravity and lower percentage of summer wood

Boone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois and E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods: Temperate and Tropical. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Madison, Wisconsin.California Department of Forestry.Comparative Physical & Mechanical Properties of Western & Eastern Hardwoods.Prepared by Forest Products Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California.n/d.Little, E.L. 1980.The Audobon Society Field Guide to North American Trees - Western Region.Published by Arthur A. Knopf, New York.Niemiec, S.S., G.A. Ahrens, S. Willits, and D.E. Hibbs. March, 1995. Hardwoods of the Pacific Northwest. Oregon State University, College of Forestry,Research Contribution 8, Forest Research Laboratory, Department of Forest Products, Corvallis, Oregon.USDA. 1988. Dry Kiln Operator's Manual - Preliminary Copy. Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Western Wood Products Association.19__.Woods of the Western USA.Published and Distributed by the Western Wood Products Association, Yeon Building, 522 S.W. Fifth Avenue, Portland Oregon.
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