Cape beech (Rapanea melanophleos)
Family: Myrsinaceae
Common names: Beukenhout, Cape beech, Chikuma, Isiqalaba se hlati, Isiquaqu, Isiqwane se hlati, Isiqwane-wehlati, Kaapse boekenhout, Magona, Massassa, Muforo, Mukwiramakoko, Murgwite, Murwiti, Mutomo, Rapanea, Siqwanesehlat
Distributed in: Cameroon, Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe (Africa)
Common uses: Agricultural implements, Bedroom suites, Boxes and crates, Broom handles, Brush backs & handles, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Drawer sides, Drum sticks, Flooring, Flooring: commercial heavy traffic, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Furniture , Furniture, Handles: general, Heavy construction, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Light construction, Living-room suites, Medicinal use, Millwork, Moldings, Musical instruments , Office furniture, Organ pipes, Paneling, Piano keys, Pianos , Plywood, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Sounding boards, Tool handles, Toys, Turnery, Violin bows, Violin, Xylophones
Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed
Tree size: Tree height is 40-50 m
Colors: the heart isWhite to cream, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isWeak figure, the textureMediumand the lusterLow
Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Susceptible to termite attack
Odor: No specific smell or taste
LightInduced Color Change: Darker
Kiln Schedules: UK=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3
Kiln Drying Rate: Slow (18-28 days for boards < 32 mm, to 52-84 days for boards >= 63 mm)
Drying Defects: Moderate end spitting, Moderate surface checking
Ease of Drying: Moderate
Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory
Cutting Resistance: Saws without difficulty
Gluing: Satisfactory gluing properties
Nailing: Moderate nailing properties , Possible if prebored
Planing: Planes well, to a good finish
Resistance to Impregnation: Heartwood is moderately resistant
Response to hand tools: Good
Sanding: Good characteristics
Screwing: Moderate screwing characteristics
; Turning: Turns with moderate ease
Polishing: Satisfactory; Varnishing: Good;
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
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Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
Specific Gravity |
|
0,74 |
|
Density |
|
769 |
kg/m3 |
Bending Strength |
654 |
1091 |
kg/cm2 |
Crushing Strength |
359 |
577 |
kg/cm2 |
Hardness |
|
721 |
kg |
Impact Strength |
|
|
cm |
Shearing Strength |
|
145 |
kg/cm2 |
Stiffness |
134 |
159 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
Tangential Shrinkage |
|
|
% |
Radial Shrinkage |
4 |
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% |
Weight |
737 |
592 |
kg/m3 |
Maximum Load |
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|
cm-kg/cm3 |
Toughness |
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cm-kg |
Static Bending |
|
660 |
kg/cm2 |
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| | | | Item | Green | Dry | English | Bending Strength | 9310 | 15521 | psi | Density | | 48 | lbs/ft3 | Hardness | | 1591 | lbs | Maximum Crushing Strength | 5109 | 8213 | psi | Shearing Strength | | 2075 | psi | Static Bending | | 9388 | psi | Stiffness | 1916 | 2270 | 1000 psi | Specific Gravity | | 0.74 | | Weight | 46 | 37 | lbs/ft3 | Radial Shrinkage | 4 | | % | Tangential Shrinkage | 9 | | % | |
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Max. crushing strength = medium Hardness (side grain) = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = large Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Max. crushing strength = high Shrinkage, Tangential = small High in density Hardness = medium Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high Bending strength (MOR) = very high Air-Dried condition about 12% moisture content
It resists denting and marring about as well as white oak or birch
Much stronger than Teak in the air-dry condition
Other species high in compression strength include Teak, White oak, and Hard maple.
Alan Schwartz.Rio Rivuma, Boston, MA.Personal Communication, 1993.Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48Banks, C.H.,1954,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with Particular Reference to those,grown in the Union of South Africa,Journal of the South African Forestry Association,No. 24 pp.44-65,[South,African Forestry Journal]Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchChalk, L. et al.,1935,Fifteen South African High Forest Timber Trees,Forest Trees and Timbers of the British Empire, Imperial Forestry,Institute, Oxford,Part 3Goldsmith, B., Carter, D.T.,1981,The Indigenous Timbers of Zimbabwe,Forestry Commission, Zimbabwe Research Bulletin No.9Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.Keay, R.W.J.1989. Trees of Nigeria.Revised Version of Nigerian Trees. Clarendon Press, Oxford.Lamb, G.N.,1956,Foreign Woods - Cape beach (Rapanea melanophleos,Wood and Wood Products 61(10) p.54Pardy, A.A.,1956,Notes on Indigenous Trees and Shrubs of S. Rhodesia,Ministry of Agriculture and Lands S. Rhodesia Bulletin,No.1897Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University PressScott, M.H. 1953. Utilization Notes on South African Timbers. Bulletin No. 36. Department of Forestry, Union of South Africa. The Government Printer, Pretoria, South Africa.Scott, M.H.,1935,Weights of South African Growth Timbers,South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin,No.145,Forest Products Institute, Forestry Series No.1Scott, M.H.,1948,Timber Seasoning in South Africa,South African Forestry Department South Africa Bulletin No.32Scott, M.H.,1953,Utilisation Notes on South African Timbers,South African Forestry Department Bulletin No.36Sim, T.R.,1921,Native Trees of South Africa,Union of South Africa Department of Mines and Industries Memoir No.3South African Lumber Millers Assoc.,1969,Notes on some Commercially Available Hardwoods,S.A.L.M.A. Timber Info. Centre Timber Technical Guide,No.1Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7
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