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White Meranti
White Meranti (Shorea hypochra)

Family: Dipterocarpaceae

Common names: Lun, Lun puteh, Melapi, White meranti

Distributed in: Brunei, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: Species in the White meranti group of Shorea genus occurs in a wide area from India in the north and west through the Malaya Peninsula to the Philippines and the Celebes in the east.

Common uses: Beams, Bedroom suites, Building construction, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Concrete formwork, Construction, Decks, Decorative plywood, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Excelsior, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Form work, Foundation posts, Framing, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Joinery, Joists, Kitchen cabinets, Light construction, Living-room suites, Office furniture, Parquet flooring, Plywood, Porch columns

Product sources: Species in the Shorea group are a major source of timber from many parts of Southeast Asia. They are plentiful, and supplies are universally available, especially in the form of veneers. This popular wood is typically priced in the inexpensive range. Many species in the Shorea genus are also a source of other economically important non-timber products. Seeds of some species yield fat which is used in the manufacture of chocolate. Others produce nuts, the most common of which is the illipe nuts of commerce produced by S. gysbertisiana . The nuts yield a fat which is similar to cocoa-butter in some of its properties. Shorea trees are also tapped for oleo-resin, and typical dammar is obtained from S. wiesneri which grows in Java and Sumatra. The tree of S. robusta produces dammar which is used as a disinfectant and as incense in religious ceremonies in India. Other non-timber products from Shorea are reported to include tannin and fibers.

Environment profile: Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center The current environmental status of this species within its natural habitat is rated as Vulnerable in Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam, and Malaysia

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 200-250 cm

Colors: the heart isPurple, Redand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isInterlocked, the textureModerately coarseand the lusterSlightly lustrous

Natural durability: Varied natural resistance of heartwood to decay (poor to moderate) , Very durable

Odor: No distinct odor or taste

Silica Content: Contains high levels of silica (> 0.5% of dry weight)

Kiln Schedules: T6-D4 (4/4)

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly

Drying Defects: May cup and stain during drying , Splitting

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Comments: Produced by tress of Shorea species in the Anthoshorea group

Blunting Effect: Extreme blunting effect on cutting tools because of resin and silica

Boring: Boring properties are usually affected by high accumulations of silica in White meranti wood

Carving: Poor carving properties

Cutting Resistance: Tungsten-Tipped or stellite-tipped cutters and increased tooth pitch during sawing is recom.

Gluing: Easy to glue

Mortising: Difficult to mortise Tend to be very abrasive

Moulding: Responds poorly to ordinary to machine tools

Movement in Service: Responds poorly to ordinary to machine tools

Nailing: Pre-boring recommended, Tends to split during nailing

Planing: Poor machining properties due to severe and rapid dulling of cutting edges

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant to very resistant to preservative treatment

Response to hand tools: Very difficult to work with hand tools

Routing recessing: Routs with difficult, with severe dulling of cutting edges

Sanding: Good sanding properties

Steam bending: Poor steam bending qualities

Screwing: Good screwing properties ; Turning: Difficult turning operations

Polishing: Can be polished to a high finish, after surface preparation ; Staining: Stains rather well after surface pre-treatment ; Varnishing: Improve with surface preparation ;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,54 0,64
Density 641 kg/m3
Bending Strength 660 854 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 378 439 kg/cm2
Hardness 463 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 106 kg/cm2
Stiffness 89 102 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Weight 785 624 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,56 0,77 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending 419 654 kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 9389 12160 psi
Density 40 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1021 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 5380 6257 psi
Shearing Strength 1509 psi
Static Bending 5968 9305. psi
Stiffness 1274 1460 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 8 11 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.54 0.64
Weight 49 39 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 9 %

Resists wearing and marring
Heavy
Hardness = medium
Density=High
Compression strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Bending strength in the air-dry condition (about 12%moisture content)is high-comparable to Teak

Arno, J. 1988. Shorea spp. - Luan. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World. Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co., Portland, Maine. 1994. Page 329-330.Chowdhury, K.A. and S.S. Ghosh. 1958. Indian Woods - Their Identification, Properties and Uses, Volume I - Dilleniaceae to Elaeocarpaceae. Published by the Manager of Publications, Delhi, India.Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Desch, H. E. 1957. Manual of Malayan Timbers. Malayan Forest Records, 28(30):315-318.Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California.USDA. 1987. Wood Handbook: Wood as an Engineering Material. Agriculture Handbook No. 72. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Madison, Wisconsin.WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center-Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.
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