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Dark red meranti (Shorea negrosensis)
Family: Dipterocarpaceae Common names: Apnit, Aruas, Babanganon, Bagtikan, Balakbakan, Bangabang, Bataan, Bayakan, Binaliuan, Botgo, Bunga, Chapui, Danilang, Dark red lauan, Dark red meranti, Dark red Philippine mahogany, Dark red seraya, Hillagasi, Hinlagasi, Kalayaan, Kalian, Kila, Kuebang batu, Kuliaan, Lagasi, Lauaan, Lauaan-ayian, Lauaan-ayuan, Lauaan-pula, Lauaan-tabiban, Lauaan-takuban, Lauan, Mag-orang, Magaboling, Magangao, Malagangao, Malatbang, Manggachapui, Mayapis, Nemesu, Oba suluk, Philippine mahogany, Philippine red mahogany, Red lauan, Saplig, Takoban pula, Takuban, Tampalasaha, Tampalasha, Tangile, Tiaong, Ubanan, Ughayan, Yampalasaha Distributed in: Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand (Oceania and S.E. Asia) Distribution overview: The Dark red meranti group of Shorea is found in Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. The genera occurs extensively, from Sri Lanka and India in the west and throughout Burma and many regions in Southeast Asia, and up to the Philippine islands in the east. The forests in Borneo, Sumatra, and the Malay Peninsula are reported to contain the highest concentrations of Shorea species. Common uses: Beams, Bedroom suites, Bent Parts, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boat building: decking, Boat building: planking, Building construction, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Chairs, Chests, Concrete formwork, Construction, Decks, Decorative plywood, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Drawer sides, Excelsior, Factory construction, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Flooring, Form work, Foundation posts, Framing, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Joinery, Joists, Kitchen cabinets, Lifeboats, Light construction, Living-room suites, Millwork, Musical instruments, Office furniture, Paneling, Parquet flooring, Plywood, Porch columns, Veneer, Veneer: decorative Product sources: Shorea species is a major timber source in international trade. Trees are plentiful, and supplies of timber and other timber products are universally available, especially in the form of veneers. This popular wood is typically priced in the inexpensive range. Many species in the Shorea genus are also a source of other economically important non-timber products. Seeds of some species yield fat which is used in the manufacture of chocolate. Others produce nuts, the most common of which is the illipe nuts of commerce produced by S. gysbertisiana . The nuts yield a fat which is similar to cocoa-butter in some of its properties. Shorea trees are also tapped for oleo-resin, and typical dammar is obtained from S. wiesneri which grows in Java and Sumatra. The tree of S. robusta produces dammar which is used as a disinfectant and as incense in religious ceremonies in India. Other non-timber products from Shorea are reported to include tannin and fibers. Environment profile: Little or no threat to its population Tree size: Tree height is 40-50 m
Colors: the heart isWhite, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isStriped figure, the textureResinous and oilyand the lusterNon-lustrous
Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Vulnerable to attack by powder-post beetles Odor: No specific taste Kiln Schedules: T6-D4 (4/4) Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries quickly Drying Defects: Thick material may check and end split , Warping may also occur durin drying Ease of Drying: Reconditioning Treatement Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect: Slight blunting effect on cutting tools Boring: May occasionally be fuzzy Carving: Good carving properties Cutting Resistance: Interlocked grain cause sawn surfaces to be fibrous Gluing: Good gluing properties Mortising: Mortises easily and clearly with sharp tools Moulding: Responds readily to ordinary tools in boring operations to produce clean surfaces Movement in Service: Responds readily to ordinary tools in boring operations to produce clean surfaces Nailing: Holds nails well, Very Good to Excellent Planing: Very Good to Excellent Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable Response to hand tools: The operation requires sharp cutting edges for best results Routing recessing: Routs easily with ordinary machine tools Sanding: Better sanding qualities than lighter stock
Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy Steam bending: Poor
Screwing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy, Good screwing properties; Turning: Turned surfaces of straight-grained material are usually clean
Painting: Very Good to Excellent; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent; Varnishing: Very Good to Excellent;
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Bending strength (MOR) = low Max. crushing strength = medium Hardness (side grain) = soft Work to Maximum Load = very low Shrinkage, Radial = small Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Weight=High Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Resists wearing and marring Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Max. crushing strength = low Hardness = medium Density=High Compression strength (parallel to grain) = medium Bending strength in the air-dry condition (about 12%moisture content)is high-comparable to Teak Arno, J. 1988. Shorea spp. - Luan. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World. Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co., Portland, Maine. 1994. Page 329-330.Brown, W.H.,1969,Properties and uses of Tropical hardwoods in the United Kingdom. Part 1,Nonstructural properties and uses.,Conference on Tropical hardwoods SC-5/TN-5, Syracuse UniversityChowdhury, K.A. and S.S. Ghosh. 1958. Indian Woods - Their Identification, Properties and Uses, Volume I - Dilleniaceae to Elaeocarpaceae. Published by the Manager of Publications, Delhi, India.Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Cortes, R.T.,1940,Impact bending properties of twelve Philippine Dipterocarps,Philippine Journal of Forestry 3(3) pp325-43Fundter, J.M.,1982,Names for Dipterocarp timbers and trees from Asia,Pudoc, Wageningen, NetherlandsHarrar, E.S.,1942,Some Physical Properties of Modern Cabinet Woods 3. Directional and Volume,Shrinkage,Tropical Woods,9(71, pp26-32I.U.F.R.O.,1973,Veneer Species of the World,Assembled at F.P.L. Madison on behalf of I.U.F.R.O. Working Party on,Slicing and Veneer CuttingJackson, A. and D. Day.1991.Good Wood Handbook - The Woodworker's Guide to Identifying, Selecting and Using the Right Wood.Betterway Publications, Cincinnati, Ohio.Kaiser, J.Wood of the Month:Meranti - The Hardworking Import.Wood & Wood Products, May 1991.Page 48.Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1Kloot, N. H. and E. Bolza.1961.Properties of Timbers Imported into Australia.Technological Paper No. 12.Division of Forest Products, Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, Australia.Lauricio, F. M., Bellosillo, S. B. 1966. The Mechanical and Related Properties of Philippine Woods, The Lumberman, 12(5): A-H.Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California.Lomibao, B.A.,1973,Guide to the identification of the woods of Philippine Dipterocarpaceae,Foxpride Digest 2(2) pp26-34Reyes, L.J.,1938,Philippine Woods,Commonwealth of the Philippines Department of Agriculture and Commerce,Technical Bulletin,No.7Skolmen, R.G.,1963,Robusta Eucalyptus Wood: Its Properties and Uses,US. Forest Service Research Paper, No. PSW-9, Pacific Southwest Forest,Range Experimental StationTamesis, F., Aguilar, L.,1953,The 'Philippine mahogany' and other Dipterocarp woods,Philippine Department of Agriculture and Natural Research Popular Bulletin,No.44Timber Development Association,1942,Red Lauan - Shorea negrosensis,TRADA Timber Leaflet No. 36U.S.D.A. Forest Service,1974,Wood Handbook,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Handbook,72USDA. 1987. Wood Handbook - Wood as an Engineering Material. Agriculture Handbook No. 72. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Madison, Wisconsin.WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center-Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom. |
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