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Yellow sterculia (Sterculia oblonga)
Family: Sterculiaceae Common names: Awari, Azodo, Bi, Bong ele, Bongele, Bonog, Ebenebe, Eijong, Ejong, Ekonge, Eujong, Eyong, G'boyo, Kokoniko, Lom, Moan, N'chong, N'zong, Njong, Oha, Okilo, Okoko, Orodo, White sterculia, Yellow sterculia Distributed in: Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Togo, Uganda (Africa) Distribution overview: This species occurs in tropical West Africa, from Liberia to Gabon, and is often found in the transition zone between humid evergreen forests and the semi-deciduous forests. It is also reported to grow in secondary forests. Common uses: Agricultural implements, Bent Parts, Boat building (general), Boxes and crates, Bridge beams, Bridge construction, Bridge joists, Cabinetmaking, Chairs, Chests, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Drawer sides, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Light construction, Living-room suites, Office furniture, Paneling, Parquet flooring, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Rustic furniture, Stools, Sub-flooring, Tool handles, Utility furniture, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative, Wardrobes Environment profile: Vulnerable in parts of its natural habitat Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm
Colors: the heart isYellow to golden-yellow to orange, Yellowish brownand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isWeak figure, the textureMedium to very coarse and the lusterMedium
Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Very durable Odor: Odor disappears upon drying Kiln Schedules: UK=J US=T10D5S/T8D4S Fr=4 Kiln Drying Rate: Slow (18-28 days for boards < 32 mm, to 52-84 days for boards >= 63 mm)
Drying Defects: Slight collapse and honeycomb, Splitting Ease of Drying: Moderately Difficult to Difficult Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect: Medium effect Boring: Fairly easy to very easy
Carving: Fairly Easy to Very Easy Cutting Resistance: Saws satisfactorily Gluing: Satisfactory gluing properties Mortising: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Moulding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Movement in Service: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Nailing: Easy to nail, Nailing properties are rated as moderate Planing: Very Good to Excellent Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable Response to hand tools: Variable qualities Routing recessing: Fair to Good Results
Sanding: Fair to Good Results Veneering qualities: No drying degrade. Dries flat without splitting, There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits Steam bending: Moderate
Turning: Poor results
Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Satisfactory staining characteristics;
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. 0 Max. crushing strength = high Shrinkage, Tangential = large Bending strength (MOR) = high Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Max. crushing strength = medium Hardness (side grain) = soft Hardness (side grain) = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Bending strength (MOR) = medium Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = medium Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Work to Maximum Load = low Very heavy Shrinkage, Radial = large Resists denting and marring Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Density = high Compression strength (parallel to grain) = very high Bending strength (MOR) = very high Armstrong, F.H.,1960,The Strength Properties of Timber,Forest Products Research Laboratory, London Bulletin,No.45Bois et Forets des Tropiques,1957,Eyong (Sterculia oblonga,Bois et Forets des Tropiques,55, pp21-4Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBrandis, D.,1906,Indian Trees,Constable & Co.Ltd.Brown, W.H.,1969,Properties and uses of Tropical hardwoods in the United Kingdom. Part 1,Nonstructural properties and uses.,Conference on Tropical hardwoods SC-5/TN-5, Syracuse UniversityChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Cudjoe, F.S.,1969,A Key to the Family Sterculiaceae in Ghana,Forest Prod. Res. Inst. Ghana Tech. Note, No.7Dalziel, J.M.,1937,The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa,Crown Agents for the ColoniesFarmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOForest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1952,Trials of Timber for Plywood Manuf. - Prelim. Report on 6 African Species,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research Progress Report,No.17Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1952,Yellow Sterculia - Sterculia oblonga,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Leaflet DSA,22036/5,pp1-3Forests Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1956,A Handbook of Hardwoods,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research EstablishmentFrance - C.T.F.T.,1960,Resultats des Observations et des essais effectues au CTFT sur Eyong,C.T.F.T.,Information Technique,No.70France - C.T.F.T.,1966,Bois Tropicaux,C.T.F.T. Publ.,12HMSO.1981.Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition.Revised by R. H. Farmer.Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.Hughes, J.F.,1971,The Principal Timber Trees of Cameroon,Unpublished dataI.U.F.R.O.,1973,Veneer Species of the World,Assembled at F.P.L. Madison on behalf of I.U.F.R.O. Working Party on,Slicing and Veneer CuttingIrvine, F.R.,1961,Woody Plants of Ghana,O.U.P. LondonJay, B.A.,1968,Timbers of West Africa,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesKryn, J.M., Forbes, E.W.,1959,The Woods of Liberia,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture,Forest Products Laboratory, Madison,,Report No. 2159Kukachka, B.F.,1970,Properties of Imported Tropical Woods,Forest Research Paper FPL 125Lavers, G. M.1966. The Strength Properties of Timbers. Forest Products Research Bulletin, No. 50.Ministry of Technology, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Lavers, G.M.,1983,The Strength Properties of Timber (3rd ed. revised Moore G.L.,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Report (formerly Bulletin No.50)Lincoln, W. A.1986.World Woods in Color.Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California.Organisation for European Economic Co-operation,1951,African Tropical Timber (Nomenclature, Description,OEECSallenave, P.,1964,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux (Premier Supplement,C.T.F.T. Publ.,no.23Spalt, H.A., Stern, W.L.,1959,Survey of Africa Woods 4,Tropical Woods 17(110) pp42-115Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Timber Development Association,1948,Some New Timbers and Their Uses No. 34,Timber Development Association Limited, London [TRADA]U.A.C.O. Timber Review,1962,A good all-rounder -Agba (Gossweilerodendron balsamiferum,U.A.C.O. Timber Review,6, pp2-6WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World, World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Plants Programme, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom. |
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