Sterculia (Sterculia pruriens)
Family: Sterculiaceae
Common names: Apote, Axixa, Bofrohoedoe, Boia, Bracaia, Capote, Chicha, Chicha brava, Chichabrava, Envireira, Imbira quiaba, Ivira, Jahoballi, Kobe, Kobe he, Koebehe, Koejethie, Kroekroe amete, Maho, Maho kobe, Mahot cochon, Maipjoerie ietare, Majagua, Maneko, Manmaho, Patoelapo, Pau rei, Smooth leaf maho, Sterculia, Tacacazeiro, Tourou, Tourou-tourou, Tuxapa, Unha d'anta, Yahu
Distributed in: Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname (Central America, Latin America)
Distribution overview: The species occurs in the Guianas and northern Brazil.
Common uses: Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Coffins, Concrete formwork, Construction, Furniture, Interior construction, Joinery, Light construction, Paneling, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Pulpwood, Veneer
Environment profile: Unknown status in natural growth range due to inadequate inofrmation
Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm
Colors: the heart isWhitish, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureMedium to coarseand the lusterSlightly lustrous
Natural durability: Very durable, Very little natural resistance
Odor: No specific smell or taste
Kiln Schedules: UK=A US=T2D4/T2D3 Fr=1
Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly
Drying Defects: Severe twisting/warping, Splitting
Ease of Drying: Slowly
Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight
Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory
Blunting Effect: High to severe
Boring: Fairly easy to very easy
Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw
Gluing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Mortising: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Moulding: Very Good to Excellent
Movement in Service: Very Good to Excellent
Nailing: Pre-Boring Recommended, Very Good to Excellent
Planing: Very Good to Excellent
Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable
Resistance to Splitting: Good
Response to hand tools: Yields a smooth, clean finish
Sanding: Good sanding finish
Veneering qualities: Suitable for peeling, There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits
Steam bending: Poor
Screwing: Pre-boring recommended
; Turning: Very Good to Excellent Results
Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Finish is generally satisfactory; Varnishing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy;
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
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Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
Specific Gravity |
0,45 |
|
|
Density |
|
560 |
kg/m3 |
Bending Strength |
627 |
825 |
kg/cm2 |
Crushing Strength |
334 |
567 |
kg/cm2 |
Hardness |
|
410 |
kg |
Impact Strength |
|
71 |
cm |
Shearing Strength |
|
77 |
kg/cm2 |
Stiffness |
121 |
131 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
Tangential Shrinkage |
9 |
|
% |
Radial Shrinkage |
4 |
|
% |
Weight |
528 |
432 |
kg/m3 |
Maximum Load |
0,63 |
0,77 |
cm-kg/cm3 |
Toughness |
|
195 |
cm-kg |
Static Bending |
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kg/cm2 |
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| | | | Item | Green | Dry | English | Bending Strength | 8924 | 11748 | psi | Density | | 35 | lbs/ft3 | Hardness | | 906 | lbs | Impact Strength | | 28 | inches | Maximum Crushing Strength | 4758 | 8075 | psi | Shearing Strength | | 1106 | psi | Stiffness | 1734 | 1876 | 1000 psi | Toughness | | 170 | inch-lbs | Work to Maximum Load | 9 | 11 | inch-lbs/in3 | Specific Gravity | 0.45 | | | Weight | 33 | 27 | lbs/ft3 | Radial Shrinkage | 4 | | % | Tangential Shrinkage | 9 | | % | Volumetric Shrinkage | 15 | | % | |
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. 0 Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. 0 Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium Max. crushing strength = medium Hardness (side grain) = soft Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Max. crushing strength = high Bending strength (MOR) = medium Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Bending strength (MOR) = high Shrinkage, Radial = large Work to Maximum Load = low Weight = moderate Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Toughness (total work) = low Resists denting and marring Hardness (side grain) = medium Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high
Bena, P.,1960,Essences Forestieres de Guyane,Bureau Agricole et Forestier Guyanais GuyanaBerni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building ResearchBois et Forets des Tropiques,1985,Kobe - Sterculia pruriens Schum.,Bois et Forets des Tropiques Vol. 207 p.46Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 4 South East Asia,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFanshawe, D.B.,1954,Forest Products of British Guiana Part 1 Principal Timbers,Forest Department British Guiana Forestry Bulletin (New Series 2nd,Edition,No.1Forests Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1956,A Handbook of Hardwoods,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research EstablishmentFrance - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. FranceI.U.F.R.O.,1973,Veneer Species of the World,Assembled at F.P.L. Madison on behalf of I.U.F.R.O. Working Party on,Slicing and Veneer CuttingKynoch, W., Norton, N.A.,1938,Mechanical Properties of certain tropical woods chiefly from S. America,School of Forestry and Conservation, University of Michigan Bulletin,No.7Lavers, G.M.,1983,The Strength Properties of Timber (3rd ed. revised Moore G.L.,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Report (formerly Bulletin No.50)Longwood, F.R.,1962,Commercial Timbers of the Caribbean,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.207Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University PressSallenave, P.,1971,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux (Deuxieme,Supplement,C.T.F.T.Slooten, H.J. van der,1970,Evaluation Study of eighteen Wood Species from Guyana for Veneer and,Plywood Manufacture,Forest Industries Development Survey FAO Report SF/GUY9 Tech. Report,No.13,U.N.D.P.Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing: Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center (WCMC, Plants Program, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.
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