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Afina
Afina (Strombosia scheffleri)

Family: Olacaceae

Common names: Afina, Aramemila, Aranmamila, Chiusa, Ifondo, Itako pupa, Kambu kazi, Kambu-kazi, Lieme, Luyusa, Mbangbazoa evele, Mbasa, Msangana, Mtora, Muirosi, Munyakasikuro, Munyankono, Murithi, Musiringu, Mutianzuni, Mutimuiro, Mutimuiru, Mutsahware, Nghila, Omuhika, Poe, Ruiunza, Strombosia, Tshipulupulu, Ubelu, Wofondo

Distributed in: Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire (Africa)

Common uses: Bearings & bushings, Bridge construction, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Flooring, Furniture, Handles: general, Heavy construction, Joinery, Ladders, Light construction, Mine timbers, Model airplanes, Musical instruments, Piling, Plywood, Posts, Railroad ties, Sporting Goods, Tables, Toys, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer

Tree size: Tree height is 10-20 m

Colors: the heart isWhite to cream, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isWeak figure, the textureMedium

Natural durability: Very durable, Very durable

LightInduced Color Change: Darker

Kiln Schedules: UK=E US=T6D2/T3D1 Fr=5

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly

Drying Defects: Slight twist/warp, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Blunting Effect: High to severe

Boring: Easy

Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw

Gluing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Mortising: Easy to mortise

Moulding: Good finishing

Movement in Service: Good finishing

Nailing: Possible if prebored, Pre-Boring Recommended

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable

Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work

Screwing: Possible if prebored ; Turning: Very Good to Excellent Results

Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Poor to Very Poor; Varnishing: Satisfactory;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 833 kg/m3
Bending Strength 1341 1950 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 437 644 kg/cm2
Hardness 979 kg
Impact Strength 114 cm
Shearing Strength 191 kg/cm2
Stiffness 132 153 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Weight 817 673 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 19075 27747 psi
Density 52 lbs/ft3
Hardness 2160 lbs
Impact Strength 45 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 6220 9173 psi
Shearing Strength 2722 psi
Stiffness 1888 2183 1000 psi
Weight 51 42 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Tangential Shrinkage 9 %

Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. 0
Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft. 0
Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft. 0
Max. crushing strength = high 1
Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large
Max. crushing strength = medium
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Shrinkage, Radial = large
Hardness (side grain) = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = medium
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very high
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high
Hardness (side grain) = soft
Bending strength (MOR) = low
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium
Hardness (side grain) = hard
Bending strength (MOR) = very high
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Hardness (side grain) = very hard
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very high

Battiscombe, E.,1926,A Descriptive Catalogue of some of the Common Trees and Woody Plants of,Kenya Colony,Crown Agents for the Colonies LondonBois, P.J.,1966,The Strength Properties of Tanzania Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Tech. Note, No.35Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBrenan, J.P.M., Greenway, P.J.,1949,Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire,Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford No.5 Tanganyika Territories Part 2Bryce, J.M.,1967,Commercial Timbers of Tanzania,Tanzanian Forestry Division Util. Sec. MoshiEggeling, W.J.,1940,Indigenous Trees of Uganda,Govt. Printer Entebbe UgandaFouarge, J., Gerard, G.,1964,Bois du Mayumbe,I.N.E.A.C. BelguimGoldsmith, B., Carter, D.T.,1981,The Indigenous Timbers of Zimbabwe,Forestry Commission, Zimbabwe Research Bulletin No.9Hughes, J.F.,1971,The Principal Timber Trees of Cameroon,Unpublished dataKeay, R.W.J.,1964,Nigerian Trees Vol.2,Nigeria Federal Department of Forest Research, IbadanKennedy, J.D.,1936,Forest Flora of Southern Nigeria,Government Printer LagosLebacq, L., Dechamps, R.,1967,Contribution a un Inventaire de Forets du Nord-kasai,Musee Royal de L'Afrique Centrale Belgium Annals Series 8 No.5Murira, K.,1984,Natural Durability Tests of Tanzanian Timbers 1955 - 1982,Tanzania Forestry Research Institute, Timber Utilisation Research Centre,,Moshi.Patterson, D.N.,1963,The strength of Kenya timbers, their derivation and application,Kenya Forestry Department Research Bulletin,No.23Sallenave, P.,1971,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux (Deuxieme,Supplement,C.T.F.T.Tack, C.H.,1969,Uganda Timbers,Govt. Printer UgandaTakahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Tanzania Forest Department,1964,Strombosia scheffleri (msangana,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi - Timbers of TanganyikaTanzania Forest Division,1966,Kiln Drying Schedules for Tanzania Timbers Technical Note no.38,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. MoshiUganda Forest Department,1954,Munyankono,Uganda Forestry Department Timber Leaflet,No35Uganda Forest Department,1954,The Mechanical Properties of some Ugandan Timbers,Uganda Forest Department Timber Leaflet,No.1Wimbush, S.H.,1950,Catalogue of Kenya Timbers,Govt. Printer Nairobi Kenya
*Come interpretare i dati (manleva su eventuali imprecisioni)