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Am-barola
Am-barola (Swintonia floribunda)

Family: Anacardiaceae

Common names: Am-barola, Boilam, Boilsur, Chivit, Civit, Mengkasai, Merpauh, Pauh, Rengas, Shitle, Taungthayet, Thayet kan, Thayet kin, Thayet san, Thayet-kin-san, Thayetsan, Thayette, Thinbaung

Distributed in: Burma, India, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: Khaya ivorensis , K. anthotheca , K. grandifolia , and K. senegalensis are good substitues.Crabwood (Carapa guianensis) is similar in color and appearance, and also as tough.Sapele (Entandrophragma cylindricum) is superior in strength properties.Silky oak (Grevillea robusta) is also similar.

Common uses: Boat building (general), Boxes and crates, Canoes, Heavy construction, Light construction, Matches, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Toys, Veneer: decorative

Colors: the heart isWhite to cream, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodSame as heartwood, White to yellow.The grain isStriped figure, the textureUniformand the lusterPronounced

Natural durability: Resistant to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles, Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera)

Kiln Schedules: Drying (speed) is fast

Drying Defects: Slight surface checking, Slight twist/warp

Ease of Drying: Thick Stock Requires Care

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is fluted

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Blunting Effect: Moderate

Boring: Fairly easy to very easy

Carving: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Fair to Good Results

Mortising: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Moulding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Movement in Service: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Nailing: Holds nails well, Pre-Boring Recommended

Planing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood

Response to hand tools: Responds Readily

Routing recessing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Sanding: Fair to Good Results

Veneering qualities: Suitable for slicing

Steam bending: Fair to Good Results

Screwing: Fair to Good Results, Pre-boring recommended; Turning: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Polishing: Fair to Good; Staining: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 689 kg/m3
Bending Strength 429 674 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 212 362 kg/cm2
Hardness 451 kg
Impact Strength 71 cm
Shearing Strength 62 kg/cm2
Stiffness 95 110 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Weight 673 544 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 6111 9589 psi
Density 43 lbs/ft3
Hardness 995 lbs
Impact Strength 28 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 3027 5157 psi
Shearing Strength 882 psi
Stiffness 1358 1568 1000 psi
Weight 42 34 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Tangential Shrinkage 6 %

Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Hardness (side grain) = soft
Bending strength (MOR) = low
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft.
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low
Max. crushing strength = medium
Max. crushing strength = low
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Shrinkage, Radial = small

Anon,1963,Indian Woods: Their Identification, Properties and uses. Vol.II Linaceae,to Moringaceae,Manager of Publications, Delhi, IndiaBurgess, P.F.,1966,Timbers of Sabah,Sabah Forest Record, no.6Desch, H.E.,1954,Manual of Malayan Timbers (2 vols,Malayan Forest Records,no.15Lee, Y.H., et al,1974,Commercial Timbers of Peninsular Malaysia,Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Forestry Peninsular Malaysia and,Malaysian Timber Industry BoardLee, Y.H.,1965,Timber tests - merpauh (Swintonia spp.,Malayan Forester 28(1) pp56-62Limaye, V.D.,1933,The Physical and Mechanical Properties of woods grown in India (Third,Interim Report on Project 1,Indian Forest Records,18(10,pp1-70Menon, P.K.B.,1959,The wood anatomy of Malayan timbers: commercial timbers, 3. Light,hardwoods,Malaysian Forest Research Institute Kepong, Research Pamplet, No. 27.Ng, F.S.P. (Ed,1989,Tree Flora of Malaya A Manual for Foresters Volume 4,Forest Research Institute Malaysia Ministry of Primary IndustriesPearson, R.S., Brown, H.P.,1932,Commercial Timbers of India,Govt. Printer Calcutta,2 volsRazzaque, M.A., Das, P.,1969,Pulping studies of civit (Swintonia floribunda) wood,Forest - Dale News (Bano Biggyan Patrika) 1(2) pp16-29Tewari, M.C., Jain, J.C.,1980,Utilization of Secondary Species,Journal of the National Building Organization 25(2) pp1-6
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