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Turpentine
Turpentine (Syncarpia glomulifera)

Family: Myrtaceae

Common names: Luster, Red lustre, Red turpentine, Turpentine

Distributed in: Australia (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: The species occurs in the Blue Mountains and in coastal districts of Queensland and New South Wales in Australia.

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Barge fenders, Bearings & bushings, Boat building (general), Boat building: decking, Boat building: framing, Boat building: planking, Bridge construction, Building construction, Building materials, Bushing blocks, Cabin construction, Construction, Crossties, Decks, Docks, Dockwork, Factory construction, Farm vehicles, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Harbor work, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Machinery parts, Marine construction, Mine timbers, Naval architecture, Paneling, Piling, Poles, Posts, Raft floats, Rafts, Railroad ties, Shipbuilding, Structural work, Textile equipment, Tool handles, Turnery, Utility poles, Vehicle parts, Wharf construction, Wheels

Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed

Tree size: Tree height is 30-40 m

Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isWavy, the textureMedium to coarseand the lusterLustrous

Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Very durable

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Kiln Schedules: UK=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries quickly

Drying Defects: Severe twisting/warping, Suface checks may develop in flat-sawn material

Ease of Drying: Rapidly

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good General finishing qualities are rated as poor

Blunting Effect: Severe

Boring: Fairly easy to very easy

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Mortising: Very Good to Excellent

Moulding: Very Good to Excellent

Movement in Service: Very Good to Excellent

Nailing: Possible if prebored, Pre-Boring Recommended

Planing: Severe dulling effect on cutting edges

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is moderately resistant

Response to hand tools: Moderate working qualities

Sanding: Very Good to Excellent Results

Veneering qualities: Suitable for peeling, Suitable for slicing

Steam bending: Poor to Very Poor Results

Screwing: Pre-boring recommended, Screwing yields good results; Turning: Very good turning characteristics

Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,67 0,72
Density 929 kg/m3
Bending Strength 710 1309 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 408 710 kg/cm2
Hardness 1190 kg
Impact Strength 83 96 cm
Shearing Strength 181 kg/cm2
Stiffness 119 156 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Weight 913 865 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,56 1,33 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 10112 18620 psi
Density 58 lbs/ft3
Hardness 2624 lbs
Impact Strength 33 38 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 5805 10108 psi
Shearing Strength 2588 psi
Stiffness 1704 2224 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 8 19 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.67 0.72
Weight 57 54 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Tangential Shrinkage 9 %

Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft. 0
Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft. 0
Max. crushing strength = high 0
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Shrinkage, Radial = large
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium
Max. crushing strength = medium
Hardness (side grain) = very hard
Bending strength (MOR) = low
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very high
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high
Hardness (side grain) = medium
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Very heavy
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = medium
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high
Hardness (side grain) = hard
Density = high
Compression strength (parallel to grain) = very high
Bending strength (MOR) = very high

Alston, A.S.,1966,Natural Heartwood Durability,Fiji Forestry Department, Suva. Fiji timbers and their uses No. 2Anderson, R.H.,1947,The Trees of New South Wales,New South Wales Department of AgricultureAustralia - New South Wales Forestry Commission,1951,Turpentine - Syncarpia glomulifera Sm,N.S.W. Forestry Commission Division of Wood Technology Technical Note 5(1,pp3-6Australia C.S.I.R.O.,1960,Properties of Australian Timbers - Turpentine (Syncarpia glomulifera,C.S.I.R.O. Forest Products Newsletter No.262 P4Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48Boas, I.H.,1947,The Commercial Timbers of Australia - Their Properties and Uses,Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, MelbourneBolza, E., Kloot, N.H.,1963,The Mechanical Properties of 174 Australian Timbers,C.S.I.R.O. Division of Forest Products Technological Paper,No.25Bootle, K.R.,1971,The Commercial Timbers of New South Wales and their use,Angus & Robertson (publishers) PTY LtdBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 8 Australasia,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesCause, M.L., Et al,1974,The Nomenclature, Density and Lyctus - Susceptibility of Queensland,Timbers,Queensland Forestry Department Pamphlet 13Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Clifford, N.,1957,Timber Identification for the Builder and Architect,Leonard Hill (Books) LTD. LondonEdmondson, C.H.,1947,Marine borer resistance of Syncarpia laurifolia,Tropical Woods 12(92) pp44-7Forestry Commission of New South Wales,1987,Timbers used in New South Wales for Domestic Buildings,Forestry Commission of New South Wales, Technical Publication No.6Gamble, J.S.,1902,A Manual of Indian Timbers,Sampson Low, Marston & Co. LondonGay, F.J., Et al,1955,Standard laboratory colonies of termites for evaluating the resistance of,timber, timber preservatives and other materials to termite attack.,C.S.I.R.O., Australia Bulletin,No.277Hall, N., Et al,1970,Forest Trees of Australia,Australian Government Publishing Service, CanberraHoward, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1Kloot, N.H., Bolza, E.,1961,Properties of Timbers Imported into Australia,C.S.I.R.O. Forest Products Division Technological Paper,No.12Lavers, G.M. 1966. The Strength Properties of Timbers. Forest Products Research Bulletin, No. 50. Ministry of Technology, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Lavers, G.M.,1983,The Strength Properties of Timber (3rd ed. revised Moore G.L.,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Report (formerly Bulletin No.50)Patterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical PressRendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. LondonScott, M.H.,1935,Weights of South African Growth Timbers,South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin,No.145,Forest Products Institute, Forestry Series No.1Streets, R.J.,1962,Exotic Forest Trees in the British Commonwealth,Clarendon Press OxfordThe Australian Timber Journal & Building Products, Merchandiser,1969,Timber Durability and Preservation,Supplement to Australian Timber Journal 35(4) Tech. Timb. Guide No.8Titmuss, F.H.,1965,Commercial Timbers of the World,Technical Press Ltd., London, 3rd edition
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