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Nargusta (Terminalia amazonia)
Family: Combretaceae Common names: Almendro, Amarillo carabazuelo, Amarillo de panama, Amarillon, Anangossiti, Angouchi, Araca, Bolador, Bullywood, Canshan, Chasemiich, Chicharro, Cochun, Coffee mortar, Cumbillo, Esemi, Fukadi, Ginja hoehoe, Guaba, Guacharaco, Guatuso, Guayabo, Guayabo leon, Guayabo negro, Guayabon, Guyabillo, Hill fukadi, Kil, Kung, Kwai, Leche amarillo, Matora, Merendiba branca, Monteclaro, Nangossiti, Naranjo, Nargusta, Pardillo negro, Pata de danto, Pau mulato brancho, Pookadi, Roble, Roble amarillo, Roble de esmeraldas, Roble macuelizo, Tamarotan, Tilautaea, Volador, White olive, White oliver Distributed in: Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela (Central America, Latin America, Oceania and S.E. Asia) Distribution overview: The natural growth range of the species extends from southern Mexico southward through Central America and into northern South America to Brazil and Peru. It is also found in Trinidad, and is a common tree in the Wallaba forests of Guyana. It is also regularly found in the forests of Belize. Common uses: Beams, Bedroom suites, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boat building: decking, Boat building: framing, Bridge beams, Bridge construction, Bridge joists, Building construction, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Chairs, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Concrete formwork, Construction, Crossties, Decks, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Factory construction, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Form work, Foundation posts, Framing, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Joinery, Joists, Kitchen cabinets, Lifeboats, Light construction, Marine construction, Mine timbers, Planks, Plywood, Posts, Railroad ties, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed
Colors: the heart isYellow, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodSame as heartwood, White to yellow.The grain isWeak (figure), the textureMediumand the lusterPronounced
Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Very durable Odor: No specific smell or taste Kiln Schedules: UK=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3 Drying Defects: Slight end splitting, Slight twist/warp Ease of Drying: Variable results. Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good Blunting Effect: Severe dulling effect on tool edges Boring: Responds well to boring operations Carving: Relatively good response to carving operations Cutting Resistance: Fairly difficult to saw
Gluing: Moderate gluing properties Mortising: good Moulding: Fairly easy to mould Movement in Service: Fairly easy to mould Nailing: Possible if prebored, Pre-boring required Planing: Planes well, to a good finish Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood response to preservative treatment is variable Response to hand tools: Responds poorly to hand tools Routing recessing: Fair to Good Results
Sanding: Good sanding properties
Veneering qualities: Moderately easy to veneer, There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits Steam bending: Very poor
Screwing: Good screw holding properties, Possible if prebored; Turning: Good results
Polishing: Satisfactory; Staining: Finish is generally satisfactory;
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium 0 Max. crushing strength = medium 0 Max. crushing strength = high 0 Hardness (side grain) = medium 0 Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. 0 Hardness (side grain) = hard Bending strength (MOR) = low Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = high Bending strength (MOR) = high Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Shrinkage, Radial = large Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very high Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = small Hardness (side grain) = very hard Hardness (side grain) = soft Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Resists denting and marring Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very high Heavy Hardness = medium Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high Bending strength (MOR) = very high Bending strength (MOR) = medium Acosta-Solis, M.,1960,Maderas Economicas del Ecuador y sus Usos,Editorial Casa de la Culhra Ecuatoriana QuitoArmstrong, F.H.,1960,The Strength Properties of Timber,Forest Products Research Laboratory, London Bulletin,No.45Belize,1946,42 Secondary Hardwood Timbers of British Honduras,British Honduras Forest Department Bulletin,No.1Bena, P.,1960,Essences Forestieres de Guyane,Bureau Agricole et Forestier Guyanais GuyanaBerni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building ResearchBoone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Hardwoods - Temperate and Tropical. USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Brazier, J.D., Franklin, G.L.,1967,An Appraisal of the Wood Characteristics and Potential Uses of some,Nicaraguan Timbers,FAO for Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes RisboroughBrooks, R.L., et al,1941,Durability tests on Untreated Timbers in Trinidad,Caribbean Forester,2(3,pp101-119Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World No.1 Africa,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 3 Southern Asia,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 9 Central America and the Caribbean,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesCAOBA International, San Francisco, California. 1993. Personal Communication.Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Clifford, N.,1953,Commercial Hardwoods - Their Characteristics Identification and,Utilization,Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. LondonDickinson, F.E.,1949,Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods 1,Tropical Woods,13(95,pp1-140Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFanshawe, D.B.,1954,Forest Products of British Guiana Part 1 Principal Timbers,Forest Department British Guiana Forestry Bulletin (New Series 2nd,Edition,No.1Flores Rodriguez, L.J.,1969,Description Caracteristicas y usos de 25 Maderas tropicales,Mexicanas,Camera Nacional de la Industria de la Construccion Serie Maderas de MexicoForest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1945,A Handbook of Empire Timbers,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products ResearchForest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1967,The Steam Bending Properties of various timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Leaflet,No.45Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1969,The Movement of Timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough Technical Note,No.38France - C.T.F.T.,1973,Investigations and Tests carried out on Tropical Timber by several,Research Laboratories,CTFTHighley, T.L., Scheffer, T.C.,1970,Natural Decay Resistance of 30 Peruvian Woods,U.S.A. Agriculture Department, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory,,Madison Research Paper,No.143I.U.F.R.O.,1973,Veneer Species of the World,Assembled at F.P.L. Madison on behalf of I.U.F.R.O. Working Party on,Slicing and Veneer CuttingKribs, D.A.,1950,Commercial and Foreign Woods on the American Market (a manual to their,structure, identification, uses and distribution,U.S.A. Penn. State College, Tropical Woods LaboratoryLamb, A.F.A., Wangaard, F.F.,1950,The Gluing Properties of certain Tropical American Woods,Yale Univ. School of Forestry Technical Report,4Lavers, G.M. 1966. The Strength Properties of Timbers. Forest Products Research Bulletin, No. 50. Ministry of Technology, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Lavers, G.M.,1983,The Strength Properties of Timber (3rd ed. revised Moore G.L.,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Report (formerly Bulletin No.50)Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California.Little, E.L.,1948,A Collection of Tree Specimens from Western Ecuador,Caribbean Forester,9(3,pp215-98Longwood, F.R.,1962,Commercial Timbers of the Caribbean,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.207Marshall, R.C.,1934,Trees of Trinidad and Tobago,Government Printer Port of Spain TrinidadMarshall, R.C.,1939,Silviculture of the trees of Trinidad and Tobago - British West Indies,O.U.P.,LondonPerpetua Hardwoods.Sea Star Trading Co. - Purveyors of Fine Wood.Newport, Oregon.Personal Communication, 1993.Polak, A.M.,1992,Major Timber Trees of Guyana A Field Guide,The Tropenbos Foundation Wageningen, The NetherlandsRecord, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University PressRecord, S.J.,1927,Trees of Honduras,Tropical Woods,10, pp10-47Scheffer, T.C., Duncan, C.G.,1947,The Decay Resistance of certain Central American and Ecuadorian Woods,Tropical Woods,12(92, PP1-24Smith, D.N.,1959,The Natural Durability of Timber,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Record,No.30Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4Tim Mahoney. Handloggers Hardwood Lumber, Larkspur, California.Personal Communication, 1993.Timber Development Association Ltd.,1948,Notes on Ecuadorian Timbers,TRADA, Timber Information,35,pp5Volkart, C.,1965,Recopilacion dedatos sobre propiedacies y usos maderos del Bosque Tropical,de las Costa Atlantica de Nicaragua,Turrialba,15(1, pp43-57Wangaard, F.F., and A.F. Muschler. 1952. Tropical Woods - Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods, Volume III, No. 98. School of Forestry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.Wangaard, F.F., Muschler, A.F.,1952,Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods 3,Tropical Woods,14(98, pp1-190Wangaard, F.F.,1951,The Physical Properties of Tropical Woods,F.A.O. For. & For. Prod. Studies Series No.3 Tropical Woods and Ag.,Residues as sources of pulp,pp10-16Wolcott, G.N.,1950,An Index to the Termite Resistance of Woods,Agricultural Experimental Station, University of Puerto Rico Bulletin,No.85Woods, R.P.,1949,Timbers of South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series |
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