Gota gamar (Trewia nudiflora)
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Common names: Gota gamar, Gutel, Ma-fo, Malam kumbil, Mera, Nai kumbil, Pambara kumbil, Pita gola, Pitali, Sanna thuvarei
Distributed in: Bangladesh, Burma, India, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka (Oceania and S.E. Asia)
Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boxes and crates, Carvings, Light construction, Matches, Musical instruments: percussion, Plywood, Textile equipment
Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm
Colors: the heart isWhite to cream, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureMediumand the lusterSlightly lustrous
Natural durability: Resistant to powder post beetles, Susceptible to insect attack
Ease of Drying: Moderately Difficult to Difficult
Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is buttressed
Cutting Resistance: Cutting Resistance with green wood is easy
Response to hand tools: Easy to machine
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
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Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
Specific Gravity |
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Density |
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416 |
kg/m3 |
Bending Strength |
303 |
464 |
kg/cm2 |
Crushing Strength |
100 |
188 |
kg/cm2 |
Hardness |
|
298 |
kg |
Impact Strength |
|
55 |
cm |
Shearing Strength |
|
62 |
kg/cm2 |
Stiffness |
71 |
84 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
Tangential Shrinkage |
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% |
Radial Shrinkage |
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% |
Weight |
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kg/m3 |
Maximum Load |
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cm-kg/cm3 |
Toughness |
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cm-kg |
Static Bending |
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kg/cm2 |
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 |  |  |  | Item | Green | Dry | English | Bending Strength | 4310 | 6606 | psi | Density | | 26 | lbs/ft3 | Hardness | | 657 | lbs | Impact Strength | | 22 | inches | Maximum Crushing Strength | 1432 | 2675 | psi | Shearing Strength | | 882 | psi | Stiffness | 1017 | 1199 | 1000 psi | Weight | 25 | 23 | lbs/ft3 | |
Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very low Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Max. crushing strength = low Max. crushing strength (stiffness) = very low Hardness (side grain) = very soft Hardness (side grain) = soft Bending strength (MOR) = very low Bending strength (MOR) = low
Bourdillon, T.F.,1908,The Forest Trees of Travancore,Travancore Government PressGamble, J.S.,1902,A Manual of Indian Timbers,Sampson Low, Marston & Co. LondonMohammed Mohiuddin,1990,Wood Anatomy of six low density Hardwoods (Alstonia scholaris,,Anthocephalus chinensis, Bombax ceiba, Bombax insigne, Excoecaria,agallocha and Trewia nudiflora) of Bangladesh,Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Chittagong, Bulletin 9 Wood Anatomy,SeriesPearson, R.S., Brown, H.P.,1932,Commercial Timbers of India,Govt. Printer Calcutta,2 volsSekhar, A.C., Negi, G.S.,1962,A note on physical and mechanical properties of Trevia nudiflora (gutel,Indian Forester 88(5) pp376-7Tewari, M.C., Jain, J.C.,1980,Utilization of Secondary Species,Journal of the National Building Organization 25(2) pp1-6Whitmore, T.C.,1973,Tree Flora of Malaya A Manual for Foresters Volume 2,Forest Department Ministry of Primary Industries Malaysia
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