Dutch elm (Ulmus hollandica)
Family:
Common names: Cork bark elm, Dutch elm, Iep, Orme, Ulme
Distributed in: Denmark, France, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, United Kingdom (Eastern Europe, Western Europe)
Distribution overview: The species occurs on the European continent and throughout Great Britain, and is commonly found in hedgerows, and seldom in forests.
Common uses: Bent Parts, Boat building, Cabinetmaking, Caskets, Chairs, Decorative veneer, Dockwork, Domestic flooring, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture components, Harbor work, Turnery, Veneer
Product sources: Supplies of Dutch elm are limited sometimes because of the reduction in numbers caused by Dutch elm disease.
Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed
Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm
Colors: the heart isRed, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isFigure, the textureMediumand the lusterMedium
Natural durability: Sapwood susceptible to attack by powder post beetles, Very little natural resistance
Odor: No specific smell or taste
Kiln Schedules: Schedule A: United Kingdom
Drying Defects: Expect splits, Slight checking and cracking
Ease of Drying: Radial and tangential shrinkage from 4-7%
Blunting Effect: Moderate effect
Cutting Resistance: Tends to bind on saws
Gluing: Good properties
Moulding: Requires very sharp cutting edges
Movement in Service: Requires very sharp cutting edges
Nailing: Resists splitting
Planing: Requires sharp cutting edges
Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is treatable
Response to hand tools: Moderate blunting effect on cutting edges
Veneering qualities:
Some Dutch elm timbers are sliced into veneers for decorative applications
Steam bending: Wild grain has little effect
Screwing: Good screwing properties
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Polishing: Wax finish ; Staining: Stains well
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- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
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Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
Specific Gravity |
|
0,53 |
|
Density |
|
528 |
kg/m3 |
Bending Strength |
418 |
700 |
kg/cm2 |
Crushing Strength |
179 |
326 |
kg/cm2 |
Hardness |
|
386 |
kg |
Impact Strength |
78 |
68 |
cm |
Shearing Strength |
|
116 |
kg/cm2 |
Stiffness |
57 |
76 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
Tangential Shrinkage |
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% |
Radial Shrinkage |
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% |
Weight |
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kg/m3 |
Maximum Load |
0,7 |
0,77 |
cm-kg/cm3 |
Toughness |
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cm-kg |
Static Bending |
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kg/cm2 |
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| | | | Item | Green | Dry | English | Bending Strength | 5958 | 9962 | psi | Density | | 33 | lbs/ft3 | Hardness | | 853 | lbs | Impact Strength | 31 | 27 | inches | Maximum Crushing Strength | 2550 | 4638 | psi | Shearing Strength | | 1656 | psi | Stiffness | 818 | 1091 | 1000 psi | Work to Maximum Load | 10 | 11 | inch-lbs/in3 | Specific Gravity | | 0.53 | | Weight | 37 | 30 | lbs/ft3 | |
Crushing strength = low Bending strength (MOR) = low
Straight grain
HMSO. 1981. Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition. Revised by R.H. Farmer. Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.Jackson, A. and D. Day. 1992. Good Wood Handbook - The Wood worker's Guide to Identifying, Selecting and Using the Right Wood. HarperCollins Publishers, London.Lavers, G.M. 1967. The Strength Properties of Timbers. Forest Products Research Bulletin, No. 50 (Spersedes Bulletin No. 45). Ministry of Technology, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc. Fresno, California.
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