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Ayua
Ayua (Zanthoxylum martinicense)

Family: Rutaceae

Common names: Ayua, Ayua amarilla, Ayua macho, Ayua varia, Ayuda, Bayua, Bocsuo, Bois pine, Calabori, Cenizo, Espino, Espino de vinstem, Espino rubial, Espinosa, L'epine gommier, L'epinet, Lagartillo, Lepine jaune, Lepineux jaune, Martinique prickly ash, Martinique prickly-ash, Pino macho, Prickly ash, Prickly yellow, Sauce hediondo, West Indian satinwood, White prickle, White pruickle, Yellow hercules

Distributed in: Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico [US], Trinidad and Tobago (Latin America, North America, Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Common uses: Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Concrete formwork, Door, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Plywood corestock, Shingles

Tree size: Tree height is 20-30 m

Colors: the heart isWhite to cream, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isWeak figure, the textureMediumand the lusterLustrous

Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Very durable

Kiln Schedules: Drying (speed) is fast

Drying Defects: Slight end splitting, Slight surface checking

Ease of Drying: Moderately Difficult to Difficult

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Boring: Moderately easy

Mortising: Finishes satisfactorily

Planing: Planes to a satisfactory finish

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood

Resistance to Splitting: Good

Response to hand tools: Easy to machine

Sanding: The sanding finish is generally poor

Screwing: Easy to screw ; Turning: Poor results

Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Finish is generally good ;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 753 kg/m3
Bending Strength 542 849 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength kg/cm2
Hardness kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength kg/cm2
Stiffness 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 5 %
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Weight 737 592 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 7711 12078 psi
Density 47 lbs/ft3
Weight 46 37 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Tangential Shrinkage 5 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 8 %

Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Volumetric=very small
Shrinkage, Volumetric = moderate
Shrinkage, Tangential = very small
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = low

Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFors, A.J.,1965,Maderas Cubanas,Inst. Nac. Ref. Agraria La HabaraLittle, E.L., Wadsworth, F.H.,1964,Common Trees of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.249Longwood, F.R.,1961,Puerto Rican Woods - Their Machining Seasoning and Related Characteristics,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook,No.205Marshall, R.C.,1934,Trees of Trinidad and Tobago,Government Printer Port of Spain TrinidadMarshall, R.C.,1939,Silviculture of the trees of Trinidad and Tobago - British West Indies,O.U.P.,LondonRecord, S.J., Mell, C.D.,1924,Timbers of Tropical America,Yale Univ. PressSchiffino, J.,1945,Riqueza Forestal Dominicana (Three volumes,Secretaria de Estado de Agric. Ind. y TrabajoSwabey, C.,1941,The Principal Timbers of Jamaica,Department of Science and Agriculture Jamaica Bulletin No.29Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4
*Come interpretare i dati (manleva su eventuali imprecisioni)