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Green wattle
Green wattle (Acacia decurrens)

Family: Leguminosae

Common names: Basboom, Black acacia, Black wattle, Green wattle, Swartwattel, Tan wattle, Wattle

Distributed in: Australia, Costa Rica, India, South Africa, Sri Lanka, United States (Africa, Central America, North America, Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: Originates from Australia (Qld. and NSW, though naturalized in Vic., Tas. and ACT), but has been introduced into other areas of the world.

Common uses: Barge fenders, Boxes and crates, Building materials, Chairs, Charcoal, Chemical derivatives, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Cooperages, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Docks, Dockwork, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Fuelwood, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Harbor work, Hatracks, Interior construction, Interior trim, Kitchen cabinets, Living-room suites, Marine construction, Millwork, Mine timbers, Naval architecture, Office furniture, Poles, Posts, Pulp/Paper products, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Raft floats, Rafts, Rustic furniture, Stools, Tables , Tool handles, Utility furniture, Wardrobes, Wharf construction

Environment profile: Seeds easily A horticultural variety

Tree size: Tree height is 20-30 m

Colors: the heart isYellow, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodDifferent than heartwood, White.The grain isOther figure, the textureMediumand the lusterMedium

Natural durability: Very durable, Very high natural resistance

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Kiln Schedules: Drying (speed) is fast

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly

Drying Defects: Slight twist/warp, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Thick Stock Requires Care

Boring: Fairly easy to very easy

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Mortising: Mortising characteristics fair or medium

Nailing: Possible if prebored, Pre-Boring Recommended

Planing: May produce some torn grain

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable

Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work

Screwing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy, Satisfactory screwing characteristics;


  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 737 kg/m3
Bending Strength 790 1228 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 461 671 kg/cm2
Hardness 752 kg
Impact Strength 137 cm
Shearing Strength 155 kg/cm2
Stiffness 126 145 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage %
Weight kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness 541 cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 11249 17470 psi
Density 46 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1658 lbs
Impact Strength 54 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 6568 9550 psi
Shearing Strength 2205 psi
Stiffness 1798 2074 1000 psi
Toughness 470 inch-lbs
Weight 45 37 lbs/ft3

Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. 1
Max. crushing strength = high
Hardness (side grain) = medium
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact strength)= high
Toughness (total work)= very high
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Max. crushing strength = medium
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft.

Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48Banks, C.H.,1954,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with Particular Reference to those,grown in the Union of South Africa,Journal of the South African Forestry Association,No. 24 pp.44-65,[South,African Forestry Journal]Bois, P.J.,1966,The Strength Properties of Tanzania Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Tech. Note, No.35Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBolza, E., Kloot, N.H.,1963,The Mechanical Properties of 174 Australian Timbers,C.S.I.R.O. Division of Forest Products Technological Paper,No.25Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Dave Faison. Into the Woods. Personal Communication, 1993.E.H. Walker,1954,Important Trees of the Ryukyu Islands,United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands Special Bulletin,No. 3Farmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOGuha, S.R.D.,1969,Summary of Investigations on the suitability of Indigenous Broadleaved,woods for production of Sulphate pulps for writing and printing,Indian Forester,95(8,pp579-90Hartwig, G.L.F.,1967,Flooring Timber in S.Africa - Acacia mearnsii,The South African Builder 45(2) pp34-35Lavers, G.M.,1983,The Strength Properties of Timber (3rd ed. revised Moore G.L.,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Report (formerly Bulletin No.50)Little, E.L.,1948,A Collection of Tree Specimens from Western Ecuador,Caribbean Forester,9(3,pp215-98Nation Research Council,1980,Firewood Crops Shrub and Tree Species for Energy Production,National Academy of Sciences, Washington D.C.Rao, K.R. and S.K. Purkayastha. 1972. Indian Woods - Their Identification, Properties and Uses, Volume III - Leguminosae to Combretaceae. Published by the Manager of Publications, Delhi, India.Scott, M.H.,1935,Weights of South African Growth Timbers,South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin,No.145,Forest Products Institute, Forestry Series No.1Scott, M.H.,1953,Utilisation Notes on South African Timbers,South African Forestry Department Bulletin No.36South African Lumber Millers Assoc.,1969,Notes on some Commercially Available Hardwoods,S.A.L.M.A. Timber Info. Centre Timber Technical Guide,No.1Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Timber Development Association,1948,Some New Timbers and Their Uses No. 34,Timber Development Association Limited, London [TRADA]
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