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Acacia catechu
Acacia catechu (Acacia polyacantha)

Family: Leguminosae

Common names: Acacia catechu, African catechu, African cutch, Chikwiku, Clutch tree, Confectioners gum, Ede, Egirigiryoi, Falcons claw acacia, Farichin haramata, Farichin shafu, Fatarlahi, Ghambwe, Gomanchein, Gorpila, Gourga, Hook thorn, Karkara, Karki, Karo, Kayar rakumi, Kibere, Kumbarshafo, Mubaimondora, Mugu, Mukoka, Mukongoliko, Ngobe, Odurakot, Shanab, Umpumpu, White thorn

Distributed in: India, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe (Africa, Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: Widespread in tropical Africa from the Gambia to Eritrea, Ethiopia, in the north, to the Transvaal in the south. A subspecies, polyacantha, occurs in India. A. polyacantha is suspected to have been introduced from the Indian sub-continent.in the olden days, and now completely naturalized. In the Sudanian and Guinean savannas, restricted to well watered places in the South Sahel ecozone, around ponds and in the bottom of fossil valleys with a shallow water-table, but sensitive to water-logging. Not a gregarious nor very common species. A. polyacantha is a tree of the sub-humid to humid African tropics with a wide distribution from South Senegal to Ethiopia and East Africa.

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Charcoal, Flooring, Fuelwood, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Millwork, Mine timbers, Particleboard, Plywood, Poles, Posts, Railroad ties, Sporting Goods, Tool handles

Tree size: Tree height is 20-30 m

Colors: the heart isRed, Reddish brownand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureCoarse

Natural durability: Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles, Susceptible to insect attack

Kiln Schedules: Dry at a slow speed

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw

Gluing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Planing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Response to hand tools: Easy to machine


Polishing: Satisfactory;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 753 kg/m3
Bending Strength 954 1473 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 485 699 kg/cm2
Hardness kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength kg/cm2
Stiffness 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Weight 737 608 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 13576 20956 psi
Density 47 lbs/ft3
Maximum Crushing Strength 6899 9945 psi
Weight 46 38 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Tangential Shrinkage 9 %

Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Max. crushing strength = high
Bending strength (MOR) = high

Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBrenan, J.P.M., Greenway, P.J.,1949,Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire,Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford No.5 Tanganyika Territories Part 2Eggeling, W.J.,1940,Indigenous Trees of Uganda,Govt. Printer Entebbe UgandaFanshawe, D.B.,1962,Fifty Common Trees of Northern Rhodesia,Natural Resources Board and Forestry Department, NdolaHughes, J.F.,1957,A Summary of Information Available on the Utilisation of Brachystegia,spiciformis,Tanzania Forest Dept. Util. Sec. Moshi - Utilisation Series,No.1Irvine, F.R.,1961,Woody Plants of Ghana,O.U.P. LondonKeay, R.W.J.,1964,Nigerian Trees Vol.2,Nigeria Federal Department of Forest Research, IbadanKennedy, J.D.,1936,Forest Flora of Southern Nigeria,Government Printer LagosPardy, A.A.,1951,Notes on Indigenous Trees and Shrubs of S. Rhodesia - Acacia campylacantha,Ministry of Agriculture and Lands S. Rhodesia Bulletin,No.1606Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Unwin, A.H.,1920,West African Forests and Forestry,T. Fisher Unwin Ltd. LondonWhite, F.,1962,Forest Flora of Northern Rhodesia,O.U.P. London
*Come interpretare i dati (manleva su eventuali imprecisioni)