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Assas
Assas (Bridelia micrantha)

Family: Euphorbiaceae

Common names: Adhumo, Aga-ofia, Aga-oji, Akati, An-ta, Aparyisie, Arasha, Asas, Asha, Asha gidi, Assas, Ata, Ataba, Awodze, Badi, Bempe pembe, Chemaguldet, Chikue, Chiukue, Dafin sagba, Ekuane, Epakotrubo, Essat, Essenge, Funiyomba, Ida-odan, Ira, K-ata, Kataza, Katazamiti, Katazarniti, Kensange, Kuwi, M'zerie, Mible, Mitserie, Mitzeerie, Mojenge, Msopa, Mukanganya, Mukoigo, Mukuegwe, Mureru, Ndegbeme-welui, Ndewei-guli, Ngorouet, Obadi, Obari, Ogangan, Ogangan neran, Ogangan nugu, Ogaofia, Ola ozalu, Omutarakaranga, Opam, Ota, Sabua, Sagba, Shikanganya, Tchikue, Tulinyi, Umhlambamakwaba, Wallinjang, Warrinjung, Yeki-le

Distributed in: Cameroon, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ivory Coast, Liberia, South Africa (Africa)

Distribution overview: Found in forests by rivers, forest edges or open woodlands, savannahs and secondary forests, riverine woodlands, and gallery forests. It is adaptable to a variety of climates. The tree prefers sites along rivers and at forest edges at altitudes under 2500 m (FAO 1986). B. micrantha is found in Tanzania in Mbeya, Tanga, Kilimanjaro, Morogoro, and Iringa.

Common uses: Balusters, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boxes and crates, Building construction, Building materials, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Carvings, Casks, Chairs, Charcoal, Chests, Concealed parts (Furniture), Concrete formwork, Construction, Core Stock, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Factory flooring, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Fuelwood, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Hatracks, Interior construction, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Lifeboats, Light construction, Living-room suites, Mine timbers, Moldings, Office furniture, Packing cases, Parquet flooring, Piling, Plain veneer, Plywood, Posts, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Toys, Turnery, Veneer: decorative

Product sources: The ITTO reports that timber from this species is produced occasionally. The material is being promoted on the export market.

Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed

Tree size: Tree height is 10-20 m

Colors: the heart isWhite, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite, White to yellow.The grain isWavy, the textureVery fineand the lusterLustrous

Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Very durable

Drying Defects: Moderate surface checking, Moderate twist/warp

Ease of Drying: Rapidly

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is misshapen

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Yields strong joints

Nailing: Good nailing properties, Holds nails well

Planing: Planes well, to a good finish

Response to hand tools: Easy to Work

Veneering qualities: Suitable for peeling, There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits

Screwing: Good screwing properties, Holds screws well;

Polishing: Good;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 641 kg/m3
Bending Strength 621 968 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 275 449 kg/cm2
Hardness 451 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 85 kg/cm2
Stiffness 108 125 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 2 %
Weight 624 496 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 8837 13774 psi
Density 40 lbs/ft3
Hardness 995 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 3916 6397 psi
Shearing Strength 1215 psi
Stiffness 1543 1781 1000 psi
Weight 39 31 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 2 %
Tangential Shrinkage 6 %

Max. crushing strength = medium
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft.
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Bending strength (MOR) = low
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium
Hardness (side grain) = soft
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft.
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low

Banks, C.H., Schoeman, J.P., Otto, K.P.,1977,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with particular reference to South,Africa,South African Forestry Research Institute Bulletin,(Ed.,Schoeman, J.P. 1973 & Otto K.P. 1976,No.48Banks, C.H.,1954,The Mechanical Properties of Timbers with Particular Reference to those,grown in the Union of South Africa,Journal of the South African Forestry Association,No. 24 pp.44-65,[South,African Forestry Journal]Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchDale, I.R., Greenway, P.J.,1961,Kenya Trees and Shrubs,Buchanans Kenya Estates Ltd. Nairobi Hatchards LondonDalziel, J.M.,1937,The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa,Crown Agents for the ColoniesEggeling, W.J.,1940,Indigenous Trees of Uganda,Govt. Printer Entebbe UgandaFrance - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. FranceKeay, R.W.J.1989. Trees of Nigeria.Revised Version of Nigerian Trees. Clarendon Press, Oxford.Keay, R.W.J., et al,1960,Nigerian Trees Vol.1,Nigeria Federal Department of Forest Research, IbadanKryn, J.M., Forbes, E.W.,1959,The Woods of Liberia,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture,Forest Products Laboratory, Madison,,Report No. 2159Palgrave, K.C.,1977,Trees of Southern Africa,Cape Town South AfricaPardy, A.A.,1955,Notes on Indigenous Trees and Shrubs of S.Rhodesia - Bridelia micrantha,Ministry of Agriculture and Lands S.Rhodesia Bulletin No.1840Sallenave, P.,1955,Proprietes Phyiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux de l'Union Francaise,C.T.F.TScott, M.H.,1935,Weights of South African Growth Timbers,South African Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin,No.145,Forest Products Institute, Forestry Series No.1Sim, T.R.,1921,Native Trees of South Africa,Union of South Africa Department of Mines and Industries Memoir No.3Tack, C.H.,1958,The Strength Properties of some Uganda Timbers,Uganda Forest Department Bulletin No. 5Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Uganda Forest Department,1954,The Mechanical Properties of some Ugandan Timbers,Uganda Forest Department Timber Leaflet,No.1
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