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CharChar
Char (Buchanania latifolia)

Family: Anacardiaceae

Common names: Achar, Aima, Baruda, Buchanania, Carai, Char, Chara, Chara-chettu, Charoli, Charu, Charwari, Chinna moral, Chirauli, Chirka, Chiroli, Chironji, Herka, Jaru mamidi, Jvaramamidi, Kat maa, Katbhilawa, Katma, Kolegeru, Lonbo, Lonepomoa, Lonpo, Lunbo, Maihakhpu, Moda mavu, Moongapezhu, Mora, Mora kangi, Moral, Morala, Morli, Morlimorlu banka, Morlu chettu, Munga pera, Mungapera, Muria, Murkalu, Nurkal, Nurkul, Nuruvei, Nuskul, Parop, Paruppusedi, Payala, Peea, Peirah, Perna, Perua, Pial, Piar, Piyal, Pyal, Sara, Sarai, Saraipparuppu, Saraka, Sareka, Sir, Taro, Tarop, Tarum, Thitsibo

Distributed in: Burma, India, Myanmar, Nepal (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: India, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Yunnan, primarily in dry forests. Fruit is black, 1-seeded, kernels pear-shaped, 1 cm long, oily, edible, delicious with a combination of almond and pistachio flavours - known as "almondettes" occasionally imported into Europe, eaten raw or roasted or in sweetmeats, pounded and dried fruits made into bread in India, seed oil a substitute for almond or olive oil; bark and fruit yield a varnish; bark used in tanning; browsed; gum used in traditional medicine against leprosy; wood for fuel; trees grown for erosion control.

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boxes and crates, Building materials, Charcoal, Concealed parts (Furniture), Desks, Dining-room furniture, Door, Fine furniture, Fixtures, Food containers, Fuelwood, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, Heavy construction, Interior construction, Joinery, Light construction, Matchboxes, Matches, Millwork, Mine timbers, Moldings, Packing cases, Roofing, Rustic furniture, Stools, Tables , Trimming, Utility furniture, Wainscotting

Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed

Tree size: Tree height is 10-20 m

Colors: the heart isWhite to cream, Yellowand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureFineand the lusterSlightly lustrous

Natural durability: Very little natural resistance, Will deteriorate rapidly in wet conditions without chemical protection

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly

Drying Defects: Checking, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Thick Stock Requires Care

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as satisfactory Generally very soft, moderately heavy, poor quality

Blunting Effect: Moderate

Boring: Poor to very poor results

Carving: Poor to Very Poor Results

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Mortising: Poor to Very Poor

Moulding: Poor to Very Poor

Movement in Service: Poor to Very Poor

Nailing: Pre-Boring Recommended, Very Good to Excellent

Planing: Poor to Very Poor

Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work

Routing recessing: Poor to Very Poor Results

Sanding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Steam bending: Fair to Good Results

Screwing: Pre-boring recommended, Very Good to Excellent Results; Turning: Very Good to Excellent Results

Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,41 0,51
Density 624 kg/m3
Bending Strength 380 613 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 17 39 kg/cm2
Hardness 258 kg
Impact Strength 40 40 cm
Shearing Strength 71 kg/cm2
Stiffness 71 90 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Weight 608 592 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,21 0,28 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending 187 318 kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 5408 8732 psi
Crushing Strength 255 568 psi
Density 39 lbs/ft3
Hardness 569 lbs
Impact Strength 16 16 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 2161 4213 psi
Shearing Strength 1022 psi
Static Bending 2666 4537 psi
Stiffness 1015 1290 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 3 4 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.41 0.51
Weight 38 37 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 11 %

Bending strength (MOR) = low
Max. crushing strength = low
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft.
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very low
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Shrinkage, Volumetric = moderate
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low
Vulnerable to denting and scratching
Vulnerable to denting and marring
Heavy
Hardness (side grain) = very soft
Hardness (side grain) = soft
Density = high
Compression strength (parallel to grain) = low

Bourdillon, T.F.,1908,The Forest Trees of Travancore,Travancore Government PressGamble, J.S.,1902,A Manual of Indian Timbers,Sampson Low, Marston & Co. LondonLimaye, V.D. 1954. Grouping of Indian Timbers and Their Properties, Uses, and Suitability. Indian Forest Records (New Series). Timber Mechanics. Volume 1 No. 2. Manager of Publications (Publisher, Delhi.Limaye, V.D. and B.R. Sen. 1956. Weights and Specific Gravities of Indian Woods. Indian Forest Records (New Series). Timber Mechanics. Volume 1 No. 4. Manager of Publications (Publisher, Delhi.Nazma,1981,A handbook of Kerala Timbers,Kerala Forest Research Institute Research Report, No.9Pearson, R.S., Brown, H.P.,1932,Commercial Timbers of India,Govt. Printer Calcutta,2 volsRawat, B. S., Rawat, N. S., Sekhar, A. C., Bhatnager, S. S. 1957. Physical and Mechanical Properties of Timbers Tested at the Forest Research Institute, Report XI.Indian Forest Records, Timber Mechanics Branch,Volume 1 No. 12, Dehra Dun, IndiaRawat, B.S., Rawat, N.S.,1960,Physical and Mechanical properties of woods tested at the Forest Research,Institute, Dehra Dun Report XI,Indian Forestry Records (NS) Timber Mechanics 1(12)Troup, R.S. 1909. Indian Woods and Their Uses. The Indian Forest Memoirs, Economic Products Series, Volume 1, No. 1. Superintendent, Government Printing, Calcutta, India.WCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center-Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.
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