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Bengal kino
Bengal kino (Butea monosperma)

Family: Leguminosae

Common names: Bengal kino, Bulyettra, Chalcha, Chamatha, Cheola, Chichra, Chickria, Chiula, Chora, Dhak, Faras, Flame of the forest, Gas-kela, Kakria, Kankra, Kankrei, Khakra, Lahokung, Mai-kao, Moduga, Modugu, Mohtu, Mur, Murr, Murup, Murut, Muttala, Muttuga, Muttugal, Palas, Palasa, Palashu, Palasi, Palasin samatha, Parasu, Pauk, Pawpan, Pharsa, Phulla, Phullas kakria, Plas, Plossotree, Polak, Porasan, Porasu, Pu palasu, Pupalasu, Purasu, Puroha, Shanggan, Shora

Distributed in: Burma, India, Sri Lanka (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Common uses: Boxes and crates, Charcoal, Fuelwood, Furniture, Piling, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Sporting Goods

Tree size: Tree height is 10-20 m

Colors: the heart isWhite to cream, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodSame as heartwood .The grain isStraight, the textureFineand the lusterLustrous

Natural durability: Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles, Susceptible to insect attack

Drying Defects: Checking, Distortion

Ease of Drying: Easy

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as poor

Cutting Resistance: Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy

Resistance to Impregnation: Heartwood is permeable

Response to hand tools: Easy to machine

Veneering qualities: Diifficult to veneer



  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 560 kg/m3
Bending Strength 303 464 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 150 275 kg/cm2
Hardness kg
Impact Strength 38 cm
Shearing Strength kg/cm2
Stiffness 83 97 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 9 %
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Weight 544 432 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 4310 6606 psi
Density 35 lbs/ft3
Impact Strength 15 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 2139 3916 psi
Stiffness 1188 1383 1000 psi
Weight 34 27 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Tangential Shrinkage 9 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 8 %

Max. crushing strength = low
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft.
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very low
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft.
Bending strength (MOR) = very low
Bending strength (MOR) = low
Shrinkage, Volumetric = small

Blatter, E., Millard, W.S.,1937,Some Beautiful Indian Trees,John Bale, Sons & Cornow Ltd, LondonBourdillon, T.F.,1908,The Forest Trees of Travancore,Travancore Government PressGamble, J.S.,1902,A Manual of Indian Timbers,Sampson Low, Marston & Co. LondonGuha, S.R.D., Mukherjea, V.N.,1961,Newsprint grade ground pulp from Butea monosperma (palas,Indian Forester 87(9) pp546-50Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.Nazma,1981,A handbook of Kerala Timbers,Kerala Forest Research Institute Research Report, No.9Pearson, R.S., Brown, H.P.,1932,Commercial Timbers of India,Govt. Printer Calcutta,2 volsRamesh, Rao K., Purkayastha, S.K.,1972,Indian Woods - Their Identification Properties and Uses,Dehra Dun India,Vol. 3Tewari, M.C., Jain, J.C.,1980,Utilization of Secondary Species,Journal of the National Building Organization 25(2) pp1-6
*Come interpretare i dati (manleva su eventuali imprecisioni)