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Calophyllum
Calophyllum (Calophyllum kajewskii)

Family: Guttiferae

Common names: Ba'ula, Buni, Buni buni, Buni soloso, Bush calophyllum, Calophyllum, Damanu, Fteh, Island cedar, Ka thang han, Ka thang lan, Kalofilum, Kioli, Koila, Koilo, Kokilo, Legitu, Pagura bunu, Penaga, Poon, Rakich, Solomon Islands calophyllum, Tamanou, Tang hon, Ureure, Wangu

Distributed in: Australia, Fiji [Polynesia], Fiji, India, Indonesia, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands, Thailand (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: Throughout Southeast Asia, on different growing sites, from coastal and swamp to mountain forests

Common uses: Balusters, Bedroom suites, Blockboard, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boat building: decking, Boxes and crates, Bridge construction, Building construction, Building materials, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Casks, Chairs, Chests, Coffins, Concealed parts (Furniture), Construction, Cutting surfaces, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Dowell pins, Dowells, Drawer sides, Drum sticks, Excelsior, Factory flooring, Fine furniture, Floor lamps, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture, Hardboards, Interior trim, Joinery, Light construction, Matches, Moldings, Musical instruments , Musical instruments, Musical instruments: piano, Novelties, Paneling, Particleboard, Piling, Plywood, Poles, Pulp/Paper products, Pulpwood, Shipbuilding, Tables, Toys, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative

Environment profile: Status unknown due to inadequate information

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isRed, Reddish brownand the sapwoodOrangish, Pale brown.The grain isZig Zag, the textureVery fineand the lusterMedium

Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Susceptible to pin-hole borer, termite and marine borer attack

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Silica Content: Siliceous

LightInduced Color Change: Darker

Kiln Schedules: T2 - D4 (4/4); T2 - D3 (8/4) US

Kiln Drying Rate: Rapid (<10 days for boards < 32 mm, to <30 days for boards >= 63 mm)

Drying Defects: Moderate twist/warp, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Thinner boards (<1") dry easily

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Blunting Effect: Medium effect

Boring: Fairly easy to very easy

Cutting Resistance: Material with interlocked grain can be difficult.

Gluing: Very good properties

Nailing: Holds nails well, Very Good to Excellent

Planing: Poor to Very Poor

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood

Response to hand tools: Good response

Sanding: Poor sanding qualities

Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy

Screwing: Good screw holding properties, Screwing yields good results; Turning: Satisfactory turning properties

Painting: Satisfactory; Polishing: Smooth polished surface; Varnishing: Satisfactory;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,48
Density 592 kg/m3
Bending Strength 623 956 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 295 507 kg/cm2
Hardness 451 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 110 kg/cm2
Stiffness 101 120 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Weight 576 416 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 8875 13605 psi
Density 37 lbs/ft3
Hardness 995 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 4209 7215 psi
Shearing Strength 1574 psi
Stiffness 1440 1716 1000 psi
Specific Gravity 0.48
Weight 36 26 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Tangential Shrinkage 6 %

Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low
Max. crushing strength = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft.
Hardness (side grain) = soft
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Bending strength (MOR) = low
Shrinkage, Tangential = very small
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft.
Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high
The bending strength of air-dried wood of the species is similar to that of Teak, which is considered to be strong. Strength in compression parallel to grain is in the high range. Other species in this range include Teak, White oak, and Hard maple. The weight is high. The density is high.

Bolza, E.,1981,The Mechanical properties of 33 Solomon Islands timbers,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Building Research. Technical Paper (2nd series) No.37Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 8 Australasia,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesBudgen, B.,1981,Shrinkage and density of some Australian and South-East Asian Timbers,C.S.I.R.O. Div. building Res. Tech Paper(2nd Series) No.38Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.EcoTimber International, San Francisco, California. Personal Communication, 1993.Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1Pleydell, G.J.,1970,Timbers of the British Solomon Islands,United Africa Company (Timber) Ltd, LondonSolomon Islands Forestry Department,1970,Solomon Islands Timbers Calophyllum kajewskii,Solomon Islands Timbers Timber Leaflet No.1, Solomon Islands Forestry,Department, HoniaraSolomon Islands,1976,Solomon Islands Timbers - Major Species,For Div. Min. Nat. Resources, Honiara, Timber Booklet 1The Ecological Trading Company Limited (ETC, Newcastle upon Tyre, United Kingdom.
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