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Sycamore planeSycamore planeSycamore planeSycamore planeSycamore planeSycamore plane
Sycamore plane (Acer pseudoplatanus)

Family: Aceraceae

Common names: Buttonwood, English harewood, English maple, European maple, Gray harewood, Great maple, Harewood, Maple, Plane, Plane tree, Planetree, Sycamore, Sycamore plane

Distributed in: United Kingdom (Africa, Western Europe)

Distribution overview: Sycampore plane grows in northern Europe and western Asia. It is also planted in Great Britain and the U.S. The tree can be found in seashore gardens due to its high tolerance to salt spray, as well as along roadsides and in hedgerows. It is a resilient, hardy tree, tolerating many kinds of soils.

Common uses: Bedroom suites, Boat building (general), Boat building, Boat building: framing, Bobbins, Boxes and crates, Brush backs & handles, Building materials, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Carvings, Chairs, Chests, Cooperages, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Drawer sides, Drum sticks, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture, Handles: general, Interior construction, Kitchen cabinets, Lifeboats, Living-room suites, Marquetry, Musical instruments , Musical instruments: strings, Office furniture, Organ pipes, Paneling , Paneling, Parquet flooring, Piano keys, Pianos , Plywood corestock, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Shade rollers, Shipbuilding, Shuttles, Sounding boards, Spindles, Spools, Sub-flooring, Tables, Textile equipment, Toys, Turnery, Veneer, Veneer: decorative

Product sources: Most of the lumber on the market originates from Great Britain. Supplies from outside Europe are rather scarce and expensive, but some lumber may be available from some of the more prominent importers.The wood is sometimes sold on the market as Harewood, which is Sycamore plane dyed a silver-grey color. The dye is forced into the wood under hydraulic pressure.

Environment profile: Status unknown in many of its growth areas

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 200-250 cm

Colors: the heart isYellow to golden-yellow to orange, Yellowish whiteand the sapwoodWhitish, Yellow.The grain isWavy, the textureUniformand the lusterPronounced

Natural durability: Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles, Susceptible to insect attack

Odor: No specific smell or taste

LightInduced Color Change: Lighter

Kiln Schedules: Drying (speed) is fast

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries quickly

Drying Defects: Uneven Moisture Content, Water pockets

Ease of Drying: Stains easily

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Blunting Effect: Moderate

Boring: Wood can burn readily if tools are dull

Carving: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Cutting Resistance: Moderate to saw

Gluing: Very good properties

Mortising: Moderately easy to mortise

Moulding: Moulding ease is moderate

Movement in Service: Moulding ease is moderate

Nailing: Very Good to Excellent , Very good nailing properties

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable

Response to hand tools: Satisfactorily

Sanding: Very Good to Excellent Results

Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy

Steam bending: Very good

Screwing: Good screwing properties, Very Good to Excellent Results; Turning: Very Good to Excellent Results

Painting: Very Good to Excellent; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,49
Density 592 kg/m3
Bending Strength 651 1000 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 275 465 kg/cm2
Hardness 477 kg
Impact Strength 71 81 cm
Shearing Strength 155 kg/cm2
Stiffness 88 101 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Weight 592 560 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,91 1,05 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 9262 14224 psi
Density 37 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1052 lbs
Impact Strength 28 32 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 3913 6619 psi
Shearing Strength 2216 psi
Stiffness 1258 1438 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 13 15 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.49
Weight 37 35 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Tangential Shrinkage 7 %

Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. 0
Max. crushing strength = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Hardness (side grain) = soft
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft.
Weight = high
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Resists denting and marring
Hardness = medium
Density = high
Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high
Bending strength (MOR) = high

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Directional and Volume,Shrinkage,Tropical Woods,9(71, pp26-32HMSO. 1981. Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition. Revised by R.H. Farmer. Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough< Aylesbury, Buck.HMSO. 1985. Broadleaves. Forestry Commission Bulletin No. 20. Text by H.E. Edlin. Revised by A.F. Mitchell. Forestry Commission, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.I.U.F.R.O.,1973,Veneer Species of the World,Assembled at F.P.L. Madison on behalf of I.U.F.R.O. Working Party on,Slicing and Veneer CuttingJackson, A. and D. Day.1991.Good Wood Handbook - The Woodworker's Guide to Identifying, Selecting and Using the Right Wood. Betterway Publications, Cincinnati, Ohio.Kaiser, J.Wood of the Month: English Harewood -The White Wood that is Perfect for Stains or Dyes. Wood & Wood Products, August, 1990. Page 60.Kline, M. 1980. Acer pseudoplatanus - Sycamore maple. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World, Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co., Portland, Maine. 1994. Page 17-18.Kloot, N. H. and E. Bolza.1961.Properties of Timbers Imported into Australia.Technological Paper No. 12.Division of Forest Products, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, Australia.Kloot, N.H., Bolza, E.,1961,Properties of Timbers Imported into Australia,C.S.I.R.O. Forest Products Division Technological Paper,No.12Kribbs, D.A. 1959. Commercial Foreign Woods on the American Market. Buckhout Lab., Dept. of Botany, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.Kribs, D.A.,1950,Commercial and Foreign Woods on the American Market (a manual to their,structure, identification, uses and distribution,U.S.A. Penn. State College, Tropical Woods LaboratoryLaidlaw, W.B.R.1960. 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