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American hornbeamAmerican hornbeam
American hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana)

Family: Betulaceae

Common names: American hornbeam, Blue beech, Water beech

Distributed in: Canada, Mexico, United States (Central America, North America)

Distribution overview: The range of American hornbeam extends from central Maine west to southwestern Quebec, southeastern Ontario, northern Michigan, and northern Minnesota; south to central Iowa and eastern Texas; and east to central Florida. Usually found in the understory of floodplain forests.

Common uses: Farm vehicles, Fuelwood, Handles, Machinery parts, Shafts/Handles, Skids, Tool handles, Vehicle parts, Wheels

Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed

Tree size: Tree height is 20-30 m

Colors: the heart isTurn reddish brown upon exposure, Yellowish tanand the sapwoodWhite, White.The grain isWavy, the textureCoarse

Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Very little natural resistance

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Drying Defects: Severe twisting/warping, Warping can be expected

Ease of Drying: Reconditioning Treatement

Comments: Although the species is also referred to as Blue or Water beech because of the similar bark, it is actually a member of the Birch family.

Blunting Effect: Moderate

Boring: Very good to excellent results

Cutting Resistance: Stripe (figure)

Moulding: Fair to Good

Movement in Service: Fair to Good

Nailing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult, Pre-Boring Recommended

Planing: Satisfactory machining properties

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood

Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work

Routing recessing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Steam bending: Very Good to Excellent Results

Turning: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Polishing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy; Staining: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,54 0,64
Density kg/m3
Bending Strength kg/cm2
Crushing Strength kg/cm2
Hardness kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength kg/cm2
Stiffness 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 11 %
Radial Shrinkage 6 %
Weight 801 753 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Specific Gravity 0.54 0.64
Weight 50 47 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 6 %
Tangential Shrinkage 11 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 19 %

Heavy
Wood is very heavy

Little, E.L.1980.The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees - Eastern Region.Published by Arthur A. Knopf, New York.Panshin, A.J. and C. deZeeuw. 1980. Textbook of Wood Technology, 4th Edition. McGraw-Hill Series in Forest Resources, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
*Come interpretare i dati (manleva su eventuali imprecisioni)