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Mockernut hickoryMockernut hickory
Mockernut hickory (Carya spp.)

Family: Juglandaceae

Common names: Mockernut hickory, Pignut hickory, Shagbark hickory, Shellbark hickory, True hickory

Distributed in: Canada, United States (North America)

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Baseball bats, Boat building (general), Boxes and crates, Broom handles, Chairs, Charcoal, Cooperages, Fishing rods, Flooring, Fuelwood, Furniture, Handles: general, Ladders, Musical instruments, Plywood, Posts, Railroad ties, Skis, Sporting Goods, Textile equipment, Tool handles, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Wheel spokes, Wheels

Colors: the heart isYellow, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite, White to yellow.The grain isWavy, the textureMedium coarse to coarseand the lusterSlightly lustrous

Natural durability: Susceptible to attack from powder post (Lyctid & Bostrychid) beetles, Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera)

Kiln Schedules: UK=E US=T6D2/T3D1 Fr=5

Drying Defects: Moderate twist/warp, Slight surface checking

Ease of Drying: Reconditioning Treatement

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Blunting Effect: Blunting effect on machining is severe

Boring: Fairly easy to very easy

Carving: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Gluing: Moderate gluing properties

Mortising: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Moulding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Movement in Service: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Nailing: Holds satisfactorily, Possible if prebored

Planing: Moderately easy to plane

Resistance to Impregnation: Heartwood is permeable

Resistance to Splitting: Poor

Response to hand tools: Moderate working qualities

Routing recessing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Veneering qualities: Easy to cut, There is slight to moderate drying degrade and the potential for buckles and splits

Steam bending: Very good

Screwing: Possible if prebored, Screwing yields good results; Turning: Good results

Polishing: Good;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 769 kg/m3
Bending Strength 783 1216 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 347 531 kg/cm2
Hardness 752 kg
Impact Strength 187 cm
Shearing Strength 155 kg/cm2
Stiffness 129 150 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 6 %
Weight 753 608 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,91 1,26 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 11139 17304 psi
Density 48 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1658 lbs
Impact Strength 74 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 4940 7563 psi
Shearing Strength 2205 psi
Stiffness 1847 2140 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 13 18 inch-lbs/in3
Weight 47 38 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 6 %
Tangential Shrinkage 10 %

Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. 0
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium
Max. crushing strength = medium
Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft.
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Max. crushing strength = high
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Hardness (side grain) = medium
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft.
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = very high
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Shrinkage, Radial = large
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very high
Max. crushing strength = low

Clifford, N.,1953,Commercial Hardwoods - Their Characteristics Identification and,Utilization,Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. LondonCooper, G.P., Record, S.J.,1931,The Evergreen Forests of Liberia,Yale School Forestry Bulletin,31,pp1-153Farmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOForests Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1956,A Handbook of Hardwoods,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research EstablishmentGerhards, C.C.,1963,Some Strength and Related Properties of Green Wood of Hawaiian Eucalyptus,saligna,Forest Products Laboratory, Forest Service, U.S. Department of,Agriculture, Research Note No. FPL-09Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.I.U.F.R.O.,1973,Veneer Species of the World,Assembled at F.P.L. Madison on behalf of I.U.F.R.O. Working Party on,Slicing and Veneer CuttingKloot, N.H., Bolza, E.,1961,Properties of Timbers Imported into Australia,C.S.I.R.O. Forest Products Division Technological Paper,No.12Mullins, E.J. and McKnight, T.S.,1981,Canadian Woods Their Properties and Uses,University of Toronto Press 3rd EditionPatterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical PressPhillips, D.R.,1973,American Woods - Hickory,USDA, Forest Service American Woods FS-241Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University PressRendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. LondonTimber Development Association Ltd.,1955,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Timber Development Association Ltd.Titmuss, F.H.,1965,Commercial Timbers of the World,Technical Press Ltd., London, 3rd editionU.S.D.A. Forest Service,1974,Wood Handbook,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Handbook,72Wangaard, F.F., et al,1954,Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods 4,Tropical Woods,14(99, pp1-187
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