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losum
losum (Caryocar vil)

Family: Caryocaraceae

Common names: Aj￿Almendrillo, Almendro, Almendr￿Alm￿ro, Arbe a buerre, Bats souari, Cag￿awari, Pekia, Pequi, Pequia, Piquia, Piquia bravo, Piquia-ete, Piqui￿Sawarie, Souari, Vinagreira

Distributed in: Brazil, Columbia, Costa Rica, French Guiana, Guyana (Central America, Latin America)

Distribution overview: Originally Upper Amazon; dispersed in all the Amazon; introduced in tropical Asia.

Common uses: Boat building (general), Boat building: decking, Boat building: framing, Cabinetmaking, Cooperages, Flooring: commercial heavy traffic, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Marine construction, Mine timbers, Oars, Piling, Railroad ties, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Wheels

Environment profile: Data source is World Conservation Monitoring Center The environmental status of this species in the wild in Peru and Brazil is currently listed as unknown because of inadequate informatio

Tree size: Tree height is 10-20 m

Colors: the heart isYellow to golden-yellow to orange, Yellowish - light graysh brown and the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isStriped figure, the textureUniformand the lusterDull

Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Very durable

Odor: Has an odor Green material may have a faint odor of vinegar, but seasoned wood has no characteristic odor or taste

Kiln Schedules: Dry at a slow speed

Drying Defects: Splitting, Surface checks

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Blunting Effect: Cutting edges are dulled quickly because of interlocked grain.

Boring: Fair to good results

Carving: Fair to Good Results

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Use special attention for best results

Mortising: Fair to Good

Moulding: Fair to Good

Movement in Service: Fair to Good

Nailing: Difficult to nail, Satisfactory nailing properties

Planing: Moderate difficulty

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood

Response to hand tools: Responds Readily

Sanding: Fair to Good Results

Screwing: Difficult to screw ; Turning: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Polishing: Satisfactory; Staining: Requires care to stain ;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,65 0,76
Density 865 kg/m3
Bending Strength 956 1371 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 143 222 kg/cm2
Hardness 923 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 153 kg/cm2
Stiffness 126 148 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 8 %
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Weight 897 865 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,49 0,91 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness 169 cm-kg
Static Bending 569 757 kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 13598 19502 psi
Crushing Strength 2038 3165. psi
Density 54 lbs/ft3
Hardness 2036 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 6893 9544 psi
Shearing Strength 2185 psi
Static Bending 8095 10770 psi
Stiffness 1802 2109 1000 psi
Toughness 147 inch-lbs
Work to Maximum Load 7 13 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.65 0.76
Weight 56 54 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Tangential Shrinkage 8 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 13 %

Bending strength (MOR) = high
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Bending strength (MOR) = very high
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high
Density (dry weight) = 53 - 60 lbs

Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building ResearchBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesChichignoud, M., G. Deon, P. Detienne, B. Parant and P. Vantomme.1990.Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America.International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO, Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Division of CIRAD, 45 bis Avenue de la Belle Gabrielle, Nogent-sur-Marne, CEDEX, France.Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Dickinson, F.E.,1949,Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods 1,Tropical Woods,13(95,pp1-140Ducke, A.,1943,The Most Important Woods of the Amazon Valley,Tropical Woods,12(74,pp1-15Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentTakahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4Teixeira, D. E., M. A. E. Santana and M. Rabelo de Souza.1988. Amazonian Timbers for the International Market.ITTO Technical Series 1.Brazilian Institute for Forestry Development, Brazil.Wangaard, F.F., and A.F. Muschler. 1952. Tropical Woods - Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods, Volume III, No. 98. School of Forestry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.Wangaard, F.F., Muschler, A.F.,1952,Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods 3,Tropical Woods,14(98, pp1-190
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