Mtambara (Cephalosphaera usambarensis)
Family: Myristicaceae
Common names: Ekoune, Mtambao, Mtambara
Distributed in: Mozambique, Tanzania (Africa)
Distribution overview: Occurs in isolated patches in evergreen rain forests of Tanzania, on steep mountain slopes at altitudes of 3,000 to 4,000 ft.
Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boxes and crates, Carvings, Construction, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Matches, Millwork, Particleboard, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Turnery
Environment profile: Vulnerable
Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Yellowand the sapwoodSame as heartwood, Yellow.The grain isWeak figure, the textureMedium
Natural durability: The sapwood is susceptible to wood staining fungal attack, Very little natural resistance
Odor: No specific smell or taste
Kiln Schedules: Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is rapid
Kiln Drying Rate: Rapid (<10 days for boards < 32 mm, to <30 days for boards >= 63 mm)
Drying Defects: Slight cupping, Slight end splitting
Ease of Drying: Easy
Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight
Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good
Blunting Effect: Blunting effect on sawing dry wood is moderate
Boring: Easy
Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw
Gluing: Glues well
Mortising: Easy to mortise
Moulding: Good finishing
Movement in Service: Good finishing
Nailing: Good nailing qualities, Holds satisfactorily
Planing: Planes to a satisfactory finish
Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is moderately resistant
Response to hand tools: Easy to machine
Sanding: Good sanding finish
Sanded surfaces are clean and smooth
Veneering qualities: Easy to cut, Suitable for peeling
Turning: Good results
Polishing: Satisfactory;
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
| Specific Gravity |
|
0,44 |
|
| Density |
|
560 |
kg/m3 |
| Bending Strength |
654 |
997 |
kg/cm2 |
| Crushing Strength |
275 |
455 |
kg/cm2 |
| Hardness |
|
280 |
kg |
| Impact Strength |
|
71 |
cm |
| Shearing Strength |
|
109 |
kg/cm2 |
| Stiffness |
140 |
168 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
| Tangential Shrinkage |
|
|
% |
| Radial Shrinkage |
4 |
|
% |
| Weight |
544 |
400 |
kg/m3 |
| Maximum Load |
|
|
cm-kg/cm3 |
| Toughness |
|
|
cm-kg |
| Static Bending |
|
|
kg/cm2 |
|
 |  |  |  | | Item | Green | Dry | English | | Bending Strength | 9310 | 14181 | psi | | Density | | 35 | lbs/ft3 | | Hardness | | 618 | lbs | | Impact Strength | | 28 | inches | | Maximum Crushing Strength | 3916 | 6479 | psi | | Shearing Strength | | 1560 | psi | | Stiffness | 1999 | 2400 | 1000 psi | | Specific Gravity | | 0.44 | | | Weight | 34 | 25 | lbs/ft3 | | Radial Shrinkage | 4 | | % | | Tangential Shrinkage | 10 | | % | |
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = medium Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Max. crushing strength = medium Hardness (side grain) = very soft Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Weight = heavy Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = mediun Hardness = medium Hardness (side grain) = soft Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft.
Strength properties are generally lower than those of European beech (Fagus), but stiffness is comaparable
Bois, P.J.,1966,The Strength Properties of Tanzania Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Tech. Note, No.35Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBoone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois and E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods: Temperate and Tropical. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Brenan, J.P.M., Greenway, P.J.,1949,Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire,Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford No.5 Tanganyika Territories Part 2Bryce, J.M., Norcross, H.,1961,The Resistance of Tanganyika Timbers to Impregnation,Tanzania Forest Dept. Util. Sec .Tech. Note,No.28Bryce, J.M.,1967,Commercial Timbers of Tanzania,Tanzanian Forestry Division Util. Sec. MoshiChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Farmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOFrance - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. FranceGarratt, G.A.,1933,Systematic anatomy of the woods of the Myristicacaeae,Tropical Woods,5(35,pp6-48HMSO. 1981. Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition. Revised by R.H. Farmer. Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.Malde, K.,1972,Design Stresses for Seasoned Cephalosphaera usambarensis (Mtambara,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Tech. Note,No.41Murira, K.,1984,Natural Durability Tests of Tanzanian Timbers 1955 - 1982,Tanzania Forestry Research Institute, Timber Utilisation Research Centre,,Moshi.Pardy, A.A.,1951,Notes on Indigenous Trees and Shrubs of S. Rhodesia - Brachystegia,spiciformis,Ministry of Agriculture and Lands S. Rhodesia Bulletin,No.1604Patterson, D. 1988. Commercial Timbers of the World. Fifth Edition. Gower Technical Press, Aldershot, UK. ix + 339 pp.Patterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical PressRendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. LondonTakahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Tanzania - Timber Marketing Co. Ltd.,1978,Timber from TanzaniaTanzania Forest Department,1960,The Natural Durability of Local Timbers,Tanzanian Forest Dept. Tech. Note,No.14Tanzania Forest Division,1966,Cephalosphaera usambarensis (Mtambera,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi - Timbers of TanganyikaTanzania Forest Division,1966,Kiln Drying Schedules for Tanzania Timbers Technical Note no.38,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. MoshiWCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing: Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center (WCMC, Plants Program, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.
|