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Mtambara
Mtambara (Cephalosphaera usambarensis)

Family: Myristicaceae

Common names: Ekoune, Mtambao, Mtambara

Distributed in: Mozambique, Tanzania (Africa)

Distribution overview: Occurs in isolated patches in evergreen rain forests of Tanzania, on steep mountain slopes at altitudes of 3,000 to 4,000 ft.

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boxes and crates, Carvings, Construction, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Matches, Millwork, Particleboard, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Turnery

Environment profile: Vulnerable

Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Yellowand the sapwoodSame as heartwood, Yellow.The grain isWeak figure, the textureMedium

Natural durability: The sapwood is susceptible to wood staining fungal attack, Very little natural resistance

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Kiln Schedules: Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is rapid

Kiln Drying Rate: Rapid (<10 days for boards < 32 mm, to <30 days for boards >= 63 mm)

Drying Defects: Slight cupping, Slight end splitting

Ease of Drying: Easy

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Blunting Effect: Blunting effect on sawing dry wood is moderate

Boring: Easy

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Glues well

Mortising: Easy to mortise

Moulding: Good finishing

Movement in Service: Good finishing

Nailing: Good nailing qualities, Holds satisfactorily

Planing: Planes to a satisfactory finish

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is moderately resistant

Response to hand tools: Easy to machine

Sanding: Good sanding finish Sanded surfaces are clean and smooth

Veneering qualities: Easy to cut, Suitable for peeling

Turning: Good results

Polishing: Satisfactory;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,44
Density 560 kg/m3
Bending Strength 654 997 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 275 455 kg/cm2
Hardness 280 kg
Impact Strength 71 cm
Shearing Strength 109 kg/cm2
Stiffness 140 168 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Weight 544 400 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 9310 14181 psi
Density 35 lbs/ft3
Hardness 618 lbs
Impact Strength 28 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 3916 6479 psi
Shearing Strength 1560 psi
Stiffness 1999 2400 1000 psi
Specific Gravity 0.44
Weight 34 25 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 4 %
Tangential Shrinkage 10 %

Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft.
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Shrinkage, Tangential = large
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Max. crushing strength = medium
Hardness (side grain) = very soft
Toughness-Hammer drop (Impact Strength) = low
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high
Weight = heavy
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = mediun
Hardness = medium
Hardness (side grain) = soft
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft.
Strength properties are generally lower than those of European beech (Fagus), but stiffness is comaparable

Bois, P.J.,1966,The Strength Properties of Tanzania Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Tech. Note, No.35Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBoone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois and E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods: Temperate and Tropical. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Brenan, J.P.M., Greenway, P.J.,1949,Check-lists of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire,Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford No.5 Tanganyika Territories Part 2Bryce, J.M., Norcross, H.,1961,The Resistance of Tanganyika Timbers to Impregnation,Tanzania Forest Dept. Util. Sec .Tech. Note,No.28Bryce, J.M.,1967,Commercial Timbers of Tanzania,Tanzanian Forestry Division Util. Sec. MoshiChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Farmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOFrance - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. FranceGarratt, G.A.,1933,Systematic anatomy of the woods of the Myristicacaeae,Tropical Woods,5(35,pp6-48HMSO. 1981. Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition. Revised by R.H. Farmer. Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.Malde, K.,1972,Design Stresses for Seasoned Cephalosphaera usambarensis (Mtambara,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Tech. Note,No.41Murira, K.,1984,Natural Durability Tests of Tanzanian Timbers 1955 - 1982,Tanzania Forestry Research Institute, Timber Utilisation Research Centre,,Moshi.Pardy, A.A.,1951,Notes on Indigenous Trees and Shrubs of S. Rhodesia - Brachystegia,spiciformis,Ministry of Agriculture and Lands S. Rhodesia Bulletin,No.1604Patterson, D. 1988. Commercial Timbers of the World. Fifth Edition. Gower Technical Press, Aldershot, UK. ix + 339 pp.Patterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical PressRendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. LondonTakahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Tanzania - Timber Marketing Co. Ltd.,1978,Timber from TanzaniaTanzania Forest Department,1960,The Natural Durability of Local Timbers,Tanzanian Forest Dept. Tech. Note,No.14Tanzania Forest Division,1966,Cephalosphaera usambarensis (Mtambera,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi - Timbers of TanganyikaTanzania Forest Division,1966,Kiln Drying Schedules for Tanzania Timbers Technical Note no.38,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. MoshiWCMC. 1992. Conservation Status Listing: Trees and Timbers of the World. World Conservation Monitoring Center (WCMC, Plants Program, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.
*Come interpretare i dati (manleva su eventuali imprecisioni)