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Freijo (Cordia goeldiana)
Family: Boraginaceae Common names: Amazon teak, Brateco, Brazilian teak, Brazilian walnut, Cordia, Cordia wood, Frei jorge, Frei jorje, Frei-jorge, Freijjo vermelho, Freijo, Jennie wood, Jenny wood, Jenuie wood, South American walnut, Tahuampa Distributed in: Brazil (Latin America) Distribution overview: Tropical South America. Brasil (AC/AM/PA/RO/RR), as well as Guyana, and French Guyana. Common uses: Bedroom suites, Boat building (general), Boat building: decking, Boat building: framing, Boxes and crates, Building materials, Cabinetmaking, Casing, Chairs, Chests, Cooperages, Decorative plywood, Decorative veneer, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Factory flooring, Figured veneer, Fine furniture, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Furniture, General carpentry, Heavy construction, Interior trim, Joinery, Light construction, Living-room suites, Marine construction, Millwork, Moldings, Naval architecture, Office furniture, Paneling, Parquet flooring, Plywood, Rustic furniture, Structural plywood, Sub-flooring, Tables , Trimming, Turnery, Utility furniture, Utility plywood, Vehicle parts, Veneer, Veneer: decorative, Wainscotting, Wardrobes Product sources: The International Tropical Timbers Organization (ITTO) reports that timber production and export are regular. The timber is imported from Brazil into Venezuela, Saudi Arabia, England, and Bahrain.Supplies of Freijo are adequate but only small volumes reach the United States and European market. It is priced higher for a timber of its quality, because of its limited availability. Freijo is very similar in strength properties to Teak, and is occasionally used as a substitute for Teak in building ships. Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed
Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm
Colors: the heart isYellow, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isStriped figure, the textureMedium to coarseand the lusterPronounced
Natural durability: Very durable, Vulnerable to attack by powder-post beetles Odor: Spicy scent Kiln Schedules: UK=E US=T6D2/T3D1 Fr=5 Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries quickly Drying Defects: Slight surface checking, Slight twist/warp Ease of Drying: Slowly Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is buttressed
Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good Generally strong and durable Blunting Effect: Slight Boring: Requires a strong hold to prevent end-grain breaking away Carving: Sharp cutting edges required Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw Gluing: Requires a filler Mortising: Very Good to Excellent Moulding: Requires very sharp cutting edges Movement in Service: Requires very sharp cutting edges Nailing: Tends to split during nailing, Thin-guage nails recommended Planing: Very Good to Excellent Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood Resistance to Splitting: Poor
Response to hand tools: Sharp cutting edges prevent tearing Sanding: Very Good to Excellent Results Steam bending: Moderate
Screwing: Pre-boring recommended, Relatively easy to screw; Turning: Very poor turning properties
Polishing: Satisfactory; Staining: Requires filler;
Bending strength (MOR) = medium 0 Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium 0 Max. crushing strength = medium 0 Hardness (side grain) = soft 1 Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate 0 Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low 0 Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. 0 Max. crushing strength = high Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Radial = small Shrinkage, Radial = moderate Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low Bending strength (MOR) = high Shrinkage, Volumetric = small Shrinkage, Volumetric = moderate Shrinkage, Tangential = small Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large Shrinkage, Radial = large Shrinkage, Radial = fairly large Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = medium Resists denting and marring Heavy Hardness (side grain) = hard Density = high Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft. Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high Shrinkage, Volumetric = fairly large Armstrong, F.H.,1960,The Strength Properties of Timber,Forest Products Research Laboratory, London Bulletin,No.45Berni, C.A., Bolza, E., Christensen, F.J.,1979,South American Timbers - The Characteristics, Properties and Uses of 190,Species,C.S.I.R.O Div. Building ResearchBoone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois, and E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods - Temperate and Tropical. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Brazier, J.D.,1975,Properties and uses of Brazilian woods,Journal of the Institute of Wood Science,7(2,pp50-57Brown, W.H.,1969,Properties and uses of Tropical hardwoods in the United Kingdom. Part 1,Nonstructural properties and uses.,Conference on Tropical hardwoods SC-5/TN-5, Syracuse UniversityBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 2 South America,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesChichignoud, M., G. Deon, P. Detienne, B. Parant and P. Vantomme. 1990. Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America. International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO, Centre Technique Forestier Tropical, Division of CIRAD, 45 bis, Avenue de la Belle Gabrielle, Nogent-sur-marne, CEDEX, France.Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Clifford, N.,1952,Tropical Hardwoods for Building,Builder,110(5689, pp338-9Clifford, N.,1953,Commercial Hardwoods - Their Characteristics Identification and,Utilization,Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. LondonDucke, A.,1943,The Most Important Woods of the Amazon Valley,Tropical Woods,12(74,pp1-15Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood B. Wood Species from S. American Tropical,Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFarmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOForest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1943,Foreign Woods,- 2 Notes on Freijo (Cordia goeldiana) and Quaruba,(Vochysia,spp.,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough Leaflet,No. 29Forests Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1956,A Handbook of Hardwoods,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research EstablishmentHMSO.1972.Handbook of Hardwoods.2nd Edition.Revised by R.H. Farmer.Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.ITTO. 1988. Amazonian Timbers for the International Market. ITTO Technical Series 1. Compiled by D.E. Teixeira, M.A.E. Santana, and M. Rabelo de Souza, Brazilian Institute for Forestry Development, Forest Products Laboratory, Brazil.Kline, M. 1985. Cordia goeldiana - Freijo. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World. Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co., Portland, Maine. 1994. Page 120-121.Kribbs, D.A. 1959. Commercial Foreign Woods on the American Market. Buckhout Lab., Dept. of Botany, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.Kukachka, B.F.,1970,Properties of Imported Tropical Woods,Forest Research Paper FPL 125Lavers, G.M. 1967.The Strength Properties of Timbers.Ministry of Technology, Forest Products Research, Bulletin No. 50. Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London. (Air-dry values only).Lavers, G.M.,1983,The Strength Properties of Timber (3rd ed. revised Moore G.L.,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Building Research,Establishment Report (formerly Bulletin No.50)Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color.Linden Publishing Company, Inc., Fresno, California.Mainieri, C., Pereira, J.A.,1965,Madeiras do Brasil,Anuario Brasileiro de Economia Florestal,17(17,PP135-416Mainieri, C.,1971,25 Madeiras da Amazonia de Valor Comercial, Caracterizacas macroscopia,,usos comuns e indices qualificativos,Inst. Pesq. Tec. Sao Paulo, Brazil Publ., No.798Mainieri, C.,1978,Fichas de Caracteristicas das Madeiras Brasileiras,Inst. Pesquisas TechnologicasPatterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical PressPennington, T.D.,1947,Note on Cordia wood from Eastern Brazil,Tropical Woods,12(89,pp48-52Record, S.J., Hess, R.W.,1943,Timbers of the New World,Yale University PressRecord, S.J., Mell, C.D.,1924,Timbers of Tropical America,Yale Univ. PressRendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. LondonRizzini, C.T.,1978,Arvores e Madeiras Uteis do Brasil: Manual de Dendrologia Brasileira,Editora Edgard Blucher LTDA BrazilSao Paulo - Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnologicas,1956,Tabelas de Resultados obtidos para Madeiras Nacionais,Inst. Pesq. Tec. Sao Paulo, Brazil Bol., No.31(2nd Ed.)Takahashi, A.,1975,Compilation of data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part 2,Central and South America,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No.4Timber Development Association Ltd.,1955,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Timber Development Association Ltd.Titmuss, F.H.,1965,Commercial Timbers of the World,Technical Press Ltd., London, 3rd editionWangaard, F.F., et al,1954,Properties and Uses of Tropical Woods 4,Tropical Woods,14(99, pp1-187WCMC.1992.Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World.World Conservation Monitoring Center - Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.Wolcott, G.N.,1940,A List of the Woods arranged according to their resistance to the attack,of,the 'Polilla', the Dry-wood Termite of the West Indies, Cryptotermes,brevis Walker,Caribbean Forester,1(4,PP1-10Wolcott, G.N.,1950,An Index to the Termite Resistance of Woods,Agricultural Experimental Station, University of Puerto Rico Bulletin,No.85Woods, R.P.,1949,Timbers of South America,TRADA, Red Booklet Series |
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