Musine (Croton megalocarpus)
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Common names: Chepkeleliet, Lemaruguet, Masineitel, Mkigara, Mlalai, Muhande, Mukinduri, Musine, Muthuru, Ngeul, Nkulumire, Ol margait, Ol-mergoit, Ot
Distributed in: Cameroon, Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia (Africa)
Distribution overview: Occurs in tropical East Africa, with an altitudinal range of 4,000 to 6,700 ft; used as a shade tree in coffee plantations. The species covers a wide range of habitats, including montane semi-evergreen forest and semitropical rainforest. It is a dominant upper storey tree in some forested areas, widespread from Kakamega, to Nyeri, Samburu, Taita. It grows between 1200-2450 m, mean annual temperature of 11-26 deg. C and mean annual rainfall of 800-1900 mm.
Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Building construction, Building materials, Construction, Factory flooring, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Fuelwood, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Millwork, Mine timbers, Plywood corestock, Plywood, Poles, Posts, Railroad ties, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative
Environment profile: Rare
Tree size:
Boles that are often 40 to 60 feet (12 to 18 m) in length
Colors: the heart isYellow to golden-yellow to orange, Yellowish tanand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureMedium to coarse
Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Very durable
Odor: May have a slightly disagreeable smell when green
Kiln Schedules: UK=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3
Drying Defects: Moderate surface checking, Moderate twist/warp
Ease of Drying: Thick Stock Requires Care
Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight
Comments: Irritating Properties Sawdust from machining operations is reported to cause nose and throat irritation in some individuals
Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw
Gluing: Very good properties
Nailing: Difficult to nail, Easy to nail
Planing: Planes well, to a good finish
Resistance to Impregnation: Permeable
Response to hand tools: Easy to machine
Turning: Difficult to turn
Polishing: Good; Staining: Stains well
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- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
 |
 |
 |
 |
| Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
| Specific Gravity |
0,53 |
|
|
| Density |
|
705 |
kg/m3 |
| Bending Strength |
738 |
1014 |
kg/cm2 |
| Crushing Strength |
417 |
546 |
kg/cm2 |
| Hardness |
|
689 |
kg |
| Impact Strength |
|
|
cm |
| Shearing Strength |
|
|
kg/cm2 |
| Stiffness |
|
|
1000 kg/cm2 |
| Tangential Shrinkage |
|
|
% |
| Radial Shrinkage |
2 |
|
% |
| Weight |
689 |
544 |
kg/m3 |
| Maximum Load |
|
|
cm-kg/cm3 |
| Toughness |
|
|
cm-kg |
| Static Bending |
|
|
kg/cm2 |
|
 |  |  |  | | Item | Green | Dry | English | | Bending Strength | 10500 | 14431 | psi | | Density | | 44 | lbs/ft3 | | Hardness | | 1521 | lbs | | Maximum Crushing Strength | 5932 | 7768 | psi | | Specific Gravity | 0.53 | | | | Weight | 43 | 34 | lbs/ft3 | | Radial Shrinkage | 2 | | % | | Tangential Shrinkage | 4 | | % | |
Hardness (side grain) = medium 0 Bending strength (MOR) = medium 0 Max. crushing strength = medium Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Max. crushing strength = high Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = very small Shrinkage, Radial = very small Shrinkage, Tangential = small
The bending strength of air-dried wood of the species is similar to that of Teak, which is considered to be strong. Compression strength parallel to grain in the air-dry condition is high. Teak, White oak, and Hard maple have high crushing strength. It is moderately hard and resistant to wearing and marring. The weight is high. The wood has high density.
Banks, C.H. and J.P. Schoeman. 1963. Railway Sleeper and Crossing Timbers. Bulletin No. 41, Republic of South Africa. The Government Printer, Pretoria, South Africa.Battiscombe, E.,1926,A Descriptive Catalogue of some of the Common Trees and Woody Plants of,Kenya Colony,Crown Agents for the Colonies LondonBois, P.J.,1966,The Strength Properties of Tanzania Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Tech. Note, No.35Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBoone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois and E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods: Temperate and Tropical. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Bryce, J.M.,1967,Commercial Timbers of Tanzania,Tanzanian Forestry Division Util. Sec. MoshiChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Eggeling, W.J.,1940,Indigenous Trees of Uganda,Govt. Printer Entebbe UgandaFarmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOForest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1954,Hardwoods for Industrial Flooring,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Leaflet, No.48Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1969,The Movement of Timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough Technical Note,No.38France - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. FranceJane, F.W.,1954,The Structure of World Timbers - 21 Muganga Musine Pilon and Hura,Timber Technology,62(2175, pp15-17Normand, D., Paquis, J.,1976,Manuel D'Identification des Bois Commerciaux. Tome 2. Afrique,Guineo-Congolaise,CTFTPatterson, D.N.,1963,The strength of Kenya timbers, their derivation and application,Kenya Forestry Department Research Bulletin,No.23Tack, C.H.,1969,Uganda Timbers,Govt. Printer UgandaTakahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Tanzania Forest Department,1966,Flooring Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi - Timbers of TanganyikaTanzania Forest Division,1966,Croton megalocarpus (Musine,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi - Timbers of TanganyikaTanzania Forest Division,1966,Kiln Drying Schedules for Tanzania Timbers Technical Note no.38,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. MoshiUganda Forest Department,1954,Flooring Timbers,Uganda Forest Department Timber Leaflet,No.17Uganda Forest Department,1954,The Mechanical Properties of some Ugandan Timbers,Uganda Forest Department Timber Leaflet,No.1White, F.,1962,Forest Flora of Northern Rhodesia,O.U.P. LondonWimbush, S.H.,1950,Catalogue of Kenya Timbers,Govt. Printer Nairobi KenyaWood, B., Calnan, D.,1976,Toxic Woods,British Journal of Dermat 94 Suppl. 13
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