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Musine
Musine (Croton megalocarpus)

Family: Euphorbiaceae

Common names: Chepkeleliet, Lemaruguet, Masineitel, Mkigara, Mlalai, Muhande, Mukinduri, Musine, Muthuru, Ngeul, Nkulumire, Ol margait, Ol-mergoit, Ot

Distributed in: Cameroon, Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia (Africa)

Distribution overview: Occurs in tropical East Africa, with an altitudinal range of 4,000 to 6,700 ft; used as a shade tree in coffee plantations. The species covers a wide range of habitats, including montane semi-evergreen forest and semitropical rainforest. It is a dominant upper storey tree in some forested areas, widespread from Kakamega, to Nyeri, Samburu, Taita. It grows between 1200-2450 m, mean annual temperature of 11-26 deg. C and mean annual rainfall of 800-1900 mm.

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Building construction, Building materials, Construction, Factory flooring, Flooring, Flooring: industrial heavy traffic, Fuelwood, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Millwork, Mine timbers, Plywood corestock, Plywood, Poles, Posts, Railroad ties, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative

Environment profile: Rare

Tree size: Boles that are often 40 to 60 feet (12 to 18 m) in length

Colors: the heart isYellow to golden-yellow to orange, Yellowish tanand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureMedium to coarse

Natural durability: Susceptible to marine borer attack, Very durable

Odor: May have a slightly disagreeable smell when green

Kiln Schedules: UK=C US=T3C2/T3C1 Fr=3

Drying Defects: Moderate surface checking, Moderate twist/warp

Ease of Drying: Thick Stock Requires Care

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: Irritating Properties Sawdust from machining operations is reported to cause nose and throat irritation in some individuals

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Very good properties

Nailing: Difficult to nail, Easy to nail

Planing: Planes well, to a good finish

Resistance to Impregnation: Permeable

Response to hand tools: Easy to machine

Turning: Difficult to turn

Polishing: Good; Staining: Stains well ;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,53
Density 705 kg/m3
Bending Strength 738 1014 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 417 546 kg/cm2
Hardness 689 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength kg/cm2
Stiffness 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 2 %
Weight 689 544 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 10500 14431 psi
Density 44 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1521 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 5932 7768 psi
Specific Gravity 0.53
Weight 43 34 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 2 %
Tangential Shrinkage 4 %

Hardness (side grain) = medium 0
Bending strength (MOR) = medium 0
Max. crushing strength = medium
Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft.
Max. crushing strength = high
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Tangential = very small
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
The bending strength of air-dried wood of the species is similar to that of Teak, which is considered to be strong. Compression strength parallel to grain in the air-dry condition is high. Teak, White oak, and Hard maple have high crushing strength. It is moderately hard and resistant to wearing and marring. The weight is high. The wood has high density.

Banks, C.H. and J.P. Schoeman. 1963. Railway Sleeper and Crossing Timbers. Bulletin No. 41, Republic of South Africa. The Government Printer, Pretoria, South Africa.Battiscombe, E.,1926,A Descriptive Catalogue of some of the Common Trees and Woody Plants of,Kenya Colony,Crown Agents for the Colonies LondonBois, P.J.,1966,The Strength Properties of Tanzania Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi Tech. Note, No.35Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchBoone, R.S., C.J. Kozlik, P.J. Bois and E.M. Wengert. 1988. Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods: Temperate and Tropical. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, General Technical Report FPL-GTR-57, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin.Bryce, J.M.,1967,Commercial Timbers of Tanzania,Tanzanian Forestry Division Util. Sec. MoshiChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Eggeling, W.J.,1940,Indigenous Trees of Uganda,Govt. Printer Entebbe UgandaFarmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOForest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1954,Hardwoods for Industrial Flooring,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Leaflet, No.48Forest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1969,The Movement of Timbers,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough Technical Note,No.38France - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. FranceJane, F.W.,1954,The Structure of World Timbers - 21 Muganga Musine Pilon and Hura,Timber Technology,62(2175, pp15-17Normand, D., Paquis, J.,1976,Manuel D'Identification des Bois Commerciaux. Tome 2. Afrique,Guineo-Congolaise,CTFTPatterson, D.N.,1963,The strength of Kenya timbers, their derivation and application,Kenya Forestry Department Research Bulletin,No.23Tack, C.H.,1969,Uganda Timbers,Govt. Printer UgandaTakahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7Tanzania Forest Department,1966,Flooring Timbers,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi - Timbers of TanganyikaTanzania Forest Division,1966,Croton megalocarpus (Musine,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. Moshi - Timbers of TanganyikaTanzania Forest Division,1966,Kiln Drying Schedules for Tanzania Timbers Technical Note no.38,Tanzania Forest Div. Util. Sec. MoshiUganda Forest Department,1954,Flooring Timbers,Uganda Forest Department Timber Leaflet,No.17Uganda Forest Department,1954,The Mechanical Properties of some Ugandan Timbers,Uganda Forest Department Timber Leaflet,No.1White, F.,1962,Forest Flora of Northern Rhodesia,O.U.P. LondonWimbush, S.H.,1950,Catalogue of Kenya Timbers,Govt. Printer Nairobi KenyaWood, B., Calnan, D.,1976,Toxic Woods,British Journal of Dermat 94 Suppl. 13
*Come interpretare i dati (manleva su eventuali imprecisioni)