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AfzeliaAfzeliaAfzeliaAfzeliaAfzelia
Afzelia (Afzelia bipindensis)

Family: Leguminosae

Common names: Afzelia, Aligna, Apa, Azza, Beyo, Bolengo, Doussie, Kpendei, Lingue, M'banga, Meli, Mkola, Mussacosa, N'kokongo, Papao, Pauconta, Uvala, Yellow afzelia

Distributed in: Cameroon (Africa)

Distribution overview: A. bipindensis is found mostly in the Guineo-Congolian regional centre of endemism, but also extends into the Zambezian region. This species occurs in Angola, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Nigeria, Uganda and Zaire. It is a rainforest species.

Common uses: Boat building, Building materials, Canoes, Chemical containers, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Excelsior, Exterior trim & siding, Exterior uses, Fine furniture, Fixtures, Flooring, Framing, Furniture , Interior construction, Joinery, Lifeboats, Living-room suites, Office furniture, Parquet flooring, Shakes, Sheathing, Shingles, Shipbuilding, Siding, Sills, Stairrails, Stairworks, Stringers, Sub-flooring, Tables , Utility furniture, Windows

Environment profile: Generally secure within most of its natural habitat, but note exceptions.

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isRed, Reddish brownand the sapwoodWhite to yellow, Yellow.The grain isStraight to interlocked, the textureModerately coarseand the lusterMedium

Natural durability: Durable Naturally resistant to attack by decay fungi and other wood destroying organisms

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Kiln Schedules: Schedule E (4/4) United Kingdom

Drying Defects: Shakes may become extended, Slight checking and cracking

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Comments: Afzelia bipindensis is also somewhat resinousThe wood contains a yellow dye-stuff (afzelin) which can stain textile materials under moist conditions.

Blunting Effect: Moderate

Boring: Fairly difficult to very difficult

Carving: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw

Gluing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Mortising: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Moulding: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Movement in Service: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Nailing: Pre-Boring Recommended, Pre-boring recommended

Planing: May produce some torn grain

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is moderately treatable

Response to hand tools: Responds Poorly

Routing recessing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Sanding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Veneering qualities: Difficult to veneer, Not suited for plywood manufacture

Steam bending: Satisfactory

Screwing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult, Pre-boring recommended; Turning: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult

Polishing: Surface treatment advised; Staining: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult; Varnishing: Surface Preparation;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,59 0,62
Density 801 kg/m3
Bending Strength 1136 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 759 kg/cm2
Hardness 804 kg
Impact Strength 76 cm
Shearing Strength 146 kg/cm2
Stiffness 131 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage %
Weight kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,77 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 16170 psi
Density 50 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1774 lbs
Impact Strength 30 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 10809 psi
Shearing Strength 2078 psi
Stiffness 1877 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 11 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.59 0.62
Weight 66 49 lbs/ft3

Weight = high
Resists denting and marring
Density = high
Crushing strength = high
Compression strength (parallel to grain) = high
Bending strength (MOR) = high

Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.HMSO.1972.Handbook of Hardwoods.2nd Edition.Revised by R. H. Farmer.Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.ITTO.1986.Tropical Timber Atlas, Volume 1 - Africa.International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) and Centre Technique Forestier Tropical (CTFT, 45bis, Avenue de la Belle Gabrielle, Nogent-sur-Marne Cedex, France.Keay, R.W.J.1989. Trees of Nigeria.Revised Version of Nigerian Trees. Clarendon Press, Oxford.Lavers, G. M.1966.The Strength Properties of Timbers.Forest Products Research Bulletin, No. 50.Ministry of Technology, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Lincoln, W. A.1986.World Woods in Color.Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California.WCMC.1992.Conservation Status Listing - Trees and Timbers of the World.World Conservation Monitoring Center-Plants Programme, Cambridge, CB3 ODL, United Kingdom.
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