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Nyatoh
Nyatoh (Dichopsis elliptica)

Family:

Common names: Illupei, Ippa, Ippi, Kat illupei, Kei pala, Nyatoh, Pali, Palimaran, Palla, Palvadindan, Panchonta, Panchoti, Panchotipala

Distributed in: India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: outheast Asia to the Philippines. It grows from Sumatra, throughout the Malay Peninsula to Borneo.

Common uses: Beams, Blinds, Boxes and crates, Building construction, Cabin construction, Concrete formwork, Construction, Decorative plywood, Factory construction, Form work, Foundation posts, Framing, Heavy construction, Joists, Light construction, Millwork, Packing cases, Planks, Plywood, Porch columns, Rough construction, Shutters, Sills, Structural work, Studs, Warehouse construction, Windows

Environment profile: Status has not been officially assessed

Tree size: Tree height is 30-40 m

Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Whiteand the sapwoodWhite, White to yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureUniform

Natural durability: Non-resistant to powder post beetles, Perishable

Odor: No specific taste

Silica Content: Moderate silica contact

Kiln Schedules: T6 - D2 (4/4); T3 - D1 (8/4) US

Drying Defects: Distortion, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Radial and tangential shrinkage from 4-7%

Comments: Dichopsis or Palaquium and Payena are two separate but closely related genera, which have very similar characteristics. Timber produced by species in the two genera are often grouped in either the Nyatoh or Bitis class. Nyatoh is a commercial grouping of species whose air-dry weights fall mostly between 38 and 45 pcf or 610 and 720 kg/cc, but may be up to to 55 lb/cu.ft (880 kg/cu.m). They are often mixed and marketed with other light to medium-weight, red-colored timbers. Timbers in the Bitis class are described as heavier, and have weights greater than 55 lb/cu.ft (880 kg/cu.m). They are referred to as Nyatoh batu in Sabah (Malaysia)

Blunting Effect: Blunting effect on sawing green wood is severe

Boring: Fairly easy to very easy

Carving: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Nailing: Poor to Very Poor

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable

Response to hand tools: Response depends on silica and gum content

Veneering qualities: This species is reported to peel well into veneers, and gluing quality is rated as above average.

Turning: Fair to Good Results

Polishing: Good Timber free from silica;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,49 0,56
Density 624 kg/m3
Bending Strength 1074 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 74 kg/cm2
Hardness 531 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 82 kg/cm2
Stiffness 140 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage %
Weight kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 15288 psi
Crushing Strength 1063 psi
Density 39 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1171 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 8369 psi
Shearing Strength 1176 psi
Stiffness 2001 1000 psi
Specific Gravity 0.49 0.56
Weight 44 38 lbs/ft3


Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Desch, H. E. 1954. Manual of Malayan Timbers - Volume II. Malayan Forest Records, No. 15. Malaya Publishing House Ltd., Singapore.EcoTimber International, San Francisco, California.Personal Communication, 1993.Eddowes, P.J. 1977. Commercial Timbers of Papua New Guinea - Their Properties and Uses. Forest Products Research Center, Office of Forests, Department of Primary Industry, Papua New Guinea.HMSO.1972.Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition.Revised by R.H. Farmer.Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1Kloot, N. H. and E. Bolza.1961.Properties of Timbers Imported into Australia.Technological Paper No. 12.Division of Forest Products, Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organization, Melbourne, Australia.Limaye, V.D.1954. Grouping of Indian Timbers and their Properties, Uses and Suitability. Indian Forest Records, New Series. Timber Mechanics, Vol. 1, No. 2, Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun, India.Limaye, V.D. and B.R. Sen. 1953. Weights and Specific Gravities of Indian Woods. Indian Forest Records, New Series. Timber Mechanics, Vol. 1, No. 4, Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun, India.The Ecological Trading Company Limited (ETC, Newcastle upon Tyre, United Kingdom.Troup, R.S. 1909. Indian Woods and Their Uses. The Indian Forest Memoirs, Economic Products Series, Volume 1, No. 1. Superintendent, Government Printing, Calcutta, India.
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