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Macassar ebonyMacassar ebonyMacassar ebonyMacassar ebonyMacassar ebonyMacassar ebony
Macassar ebony (Diospyros celebica)

Family: Ebenaceae

Common names: Calamander wood, Camagon, Coromandel, Golden ebony, Indian ebony, Macassar ebony, Temru, Tendu, Timbruni, Tunki

Distributed in: India, Indonesia, Philippines (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: Endemic to Sulawesi. This species usually occurs on poor rocky soils of around pH4 in Lowland rainforest forest in vicinity of Malili. This species is found in rain and monsoon forests; however, D. celebica can grow in both humid conditions and in seasonal climates. It can survive on a variety of soils (e.g. latosols, calcareous, and podzolic soils). It occurs in undulating areas upto 600m above sea level. May also be present on the Philippine Islands and the Celebes Islands.

Common uses: Billiard-cue butts, Brush backs & handles, Cabinetmaking, Decorative veneer, Inlay work, Musical instruments , Tool handles, Turnery, Walking sticks

Product sources: Macassar ebony is rare and is one of the most expensive timbers on the commercial market. Veneer is more available but is also costly.

Environment profile: Rare in many parts of its range

Tree size: Tree height is 10-20 m The tree is generally small

Colors: the heart isRed, Reddish brownand the sapwoodRed, Uniform light red.The grain isStraight to roey, the textureFineand the lusterMetallic luster

Natural durability: Susceptible to attack by forest longhorn beetle, Susceptible to insect attack

Odor: No specific smell or taste

Drying Defects: Rapid drying may cause end- and surface-checking, Splitting

Ease of Drying: Season slowly to prevent defects

Comments: Black heart = brittle Macassar ebony heartwood is strong, very heavy, and very hard. The black heart is usually brittle, and the wood is used mostly for decorative purposes. The appearance of ebony is sometimes imitated by staining other woods, such as Hornbeam (Ostrya ), a black colorMostly used for decorative purposes Strong Very hard Very heavy

Blunting Effect: Moderate

Cutting Resistance: High cutting resistance because of hardness

Gluing: Satisfactory gluing properties

Planing: Special attention required

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood

Response to hand tools: Easy to Work

Screwing: Nailing/screwing difficult without pre-boring ; Turning: Very good

Polishing: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 1,01
Density kg/m3
Bending Strength kg/cm2
Crushing Strength kg/cm2
Hardness kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength kg/cm2
Stiffness 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage %
Weight kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Specific Gravity 1.01
Weight 66 54. lbs/ft3

Heavy
It is exceptionally heavy, weighing much more than White oak or Teak

Edlin, H.L. 1969. What Wood is That? - A Manual of Wood Identification. A Studio Book, The Viking Press, New York.Kaiser, J. 1991. Wood of the Month:Macassar Ebony - A Highly Decorative Wood. Wood and Wood Products, January 1991, Page 50.Kline, M. 1977. Diospyros celebica - Macassar ebony. In A Guide to Useful Woods of the World, Flynn Jr., J.H., Editor. King Philip Publishing Co., Portland, Maine. Page 139-140.Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California.Nairn, P.M. Editor. 1936. Wood Specimens - 100 Reproductions in Color - A Series of Selected Timbers Reproduced in Natural Color with Introduction and Annotations by H.A. Cox. The Nema Press, Proprietors of Wood, London.
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