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Ditta 5
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Ditta 1
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Cowdie
Cowdie (Agathis australis)

Family: Araucariaceae

Common names: Cowdie, Cowdie pine, Cowrie, Kauri, Kauri pine, Kaurie, Kawri, New Zealand kauri, New Zealand kauri pine, New Zealand pine, New Zealand pitch tree, Southern dammar

Distributed in: New Zealand (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: This species is found on the northern peninsula of the North Island of New Zeland, at low elevations (Silba 1986). It lives in forests which include Podocarpus totara, Dacrydium cupressinum, and Podocarpus ferruginoides.

Common uses: Boat building (general), Boat building: decking, Boat building: masts, Boxes and crates, Bridge construction, Cabinetmaking, Chemical derivatives, Flooring, Food containers, Furniture, Heavy construction, Joinery, Light construction, Matches, Paneling, Pencil, Plywood, Pulp/Paper products, Shade rollers, Shingles, Turnery, Vats, Veneer

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 300-350 cm

Colors: the heart isYellow, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isWavy, the textureFineand the lusterMedium

Natural durability: Susceptible to attack from termites (Isoptera), Susceptible to insect attack

Kiln Schedules: Kiln Drying Rate (in days) is fairly rapid

Kiln Drying Rate: Rapid (<10 days for boards < 32 mm, to <30 days for boards >= 63 mm)

Drying Defects: Slight surface checking, Slight twist/warp

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is straight

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Blunting Effect: Moderate

Boring: Fairly easy to very easy

Cutting Resistance: Easy to saw

Gluing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Mortising: Finishes satisfactorily

Moulding: Very Good to Excellent

Movement in Service: Very Good to Excellent

Nailing: Holds nails well, Very Good to Excellent

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Resistance to Impregnation: Resistant sapwood

Response to hand tools: Easy to machine

Routing recessing: Routing is easy

Screwing: Screwing yields good results, Very Good to Excellent Results; Turning: Very Good to Excellent Results

Painting: Very Good to Excellent; Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Very Good to Excellent;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 560 kg/m3
Bending Strength 600 937 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 254 420 kg/cm2
Hardness 298 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 89 kg/cm2
Stiffness 111 129 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 2 %
Weight 544 432 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 8535 13337 psi
Density 35 lbs/ft3
Hardness 657 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 3620 5984 psi
Shearing Strength 1269 psi
Stiffness 1589 1835 1000 psi
Weight 34 27 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 2 %
Tangential Shrinkage 5 %

Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. 0
Max. crushing strength = medium 1
Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft.
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = low
Bending strength (MOR) = low
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low
Hardness (side grain) = very soft
Hardness (side grain) = soft
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Max. crushing strength = low
Shrinkage, Tangential = very small
Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft.
Bending strength (MOR) = high

Bier, H.,1983,The strength properties of small clear specimens of New Zealand-grown,timber,New Zealand Forest Service Forest Research Institute, FRI Bulletin No.41Brown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World, No. 8 Australasia,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesClifford, N.,1957,Timber Identification for the Builder and Architect,Leonard Hill (Books) LTD. LondonCockayne, L. and Phillips Turner, E.,1958,The trees of New Zealand,New Zealand Forest Service Information Series No.12Dallimore, W. and Jackson, A. Bruce,1966,A Handbook of Coniferae and Ginkgoaceae Fourth Ed. Revised by S.G.,Harrison,Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd. LondonEntrican, A.R.,1949,The properties and uses of Kauri (Agathis australis,New Zealand Forest Service Information Series No.7Forest Products Research Laboratory U.K.,1957,A Handbook of Softwoods,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products Research,HMSOForest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1945,A Handbook of Empire Timbers,Department of Scientific and Industrial Research Forest Products ResearchHoward, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.Kloot, N.H., Bolza, E.,1961,Properties of Timbers Imported into Australia,C.S.I.R.O. Forest Products Division Technological Paper,No.12Patterson, D.,1988,Commercial Timbers of the World, 5th Edition,Gower Technical PressRendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. LondonSmith, S.W. and Entrican, A.R.,1957,Forestry in New Zealand,New Zealand Forest Service Information Series No.1Stone, H.,1924,The Timbers of Commerce and their Identification,William Rider & Sons Ltd. LondonTimber Development Association Ltd.,1955,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Timber Development Association Ltd.Titmuss, F.H.,1965,Commercial Timbers of the World,Technical Press Ltd., London, 3rd edition
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