 
African ebony (Diospyros spp.)
Family: Ebenaceae
Common names: African ebony, Cameroon ebony, Gaboon ebony, Kanran, Kayu malam, Kribi ebony, Kukuo, Mgriti, Msuini, Nigerian ebony, Nyareti, Omenowa, Trayung
Distributed in: Malaysia (Africa, Oceania and S.E. Asia)
Common uses: Billiard-cue butts, Brush backs & handles, Cabinetmaking, Carvings, Furniture, Musical instruments, Musical instruments: piano, Musical instruments: strings, Sporting Goods, Tool handles, Turnery
Environment profile: Vulnerable
Tree size: Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm
Colors: the heart isYellow, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodSame as heartwood, Tan.The grain isWavy, the textureMediumand the lusterLow
Natural durability: Resistant to attack from termites (Isoptera), Very durable
Odor: Has an odor
Silica Content: Siliceous
Kiln Schedules: UK=H US=T10D4S/T8D3S Fr=7
Drying Defects: Slight surface checking, Slight twist/warp
Ease of Drying: Moderately Difficult to Difficult
Blunting Effect: Moderate
Boring: Fairly easy to very easy
Carving: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Cutting Resistance: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult to saw
Gluing: Fairly Difficult to Very Difficult
Mortising: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Moulding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Movement in Service: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Nailing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy, Possible if prebored
Planing: Planes to a poor finish
Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is moderately resistant
Response to hand tools: Difficult to machine
Routing recessing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Sanding: Fairly Easy to Very Easy
Steam bending: Poor to Very Poor Results
Screwing: Fair to Good Results, Fairly Easy to Very Easy; Turning: Poor to Very Poor Results
Painting: Poor to Very Poor; Polishing: Satisfactory; Staining: Poor to Very Poor; Varnishing: Poor to Very Poor;
- Numerical data Metric
- Numerical data English
- Strength properties
- References
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Item |
Green |
Dry |
Metric |
Specific Gravity |
|
|
|
Density |
|
833 |
kg/m3 |
Bending Strength |
1298 |
1863 |
kg/cm2 |
Crushing Strength |
632 |
869 |
kg/cm2 |
Hardness |
|
1333 |
kg |
Impact Strength |
|
|
cm |
Shearing Strength |
|
|
kg/cm2 |
Stiffness |
152 |
175 |
1000 kg/cm2 |
Tangential Shrinkage |
|
|
% |
Radial Shrinkage |
6 |
|
% |
Weight |
817 |
689 |
kg/m3 |
Maximum Load |
|
|
cm-kg/cm3 |
Toughness |
|
|
cm-kg |
Static Bending |
|
|
kg/cm2 |
|
 |  |  |  | Item | Green | Dry | English | Bending Strength | 18463 | 26499 | psi | Density | | 52 | lbs/ft3 | Hardness | | 2940 | lbs | Maximum Crushing Strength | 8990 | 12374 | psi | Stiffness | 2167 | 2494 | 1000 psi | Weight | 51 | 43 | lbs/ft3 | Radial Shrinkage | 6 | | % | Tangential Shrinkage | 10 | | % | |
Density (dry weight) = 61-67 lbs/cu. ft Density (dry weight) = 53-60 lbs/cu. ft Density (dry weight) = 46-52 lbs/cu. ft. Shrinkage, Tangential = large Shrinkage, Radial = large Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = high Max. crushing strength = very high Hardness (side grain) = very hard Bending strength (MOR) = very high Max. crushing strength = high Density (dry weight) = 67-75 lbs/cu.ft Density (dry weight) = 38-45 lbs/cu. ft. Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft. Bending strength (MOR) = high
Brown, W.H.,1969,Properties and uses of Tropical hardwoods in the United Kingdom. Part 1,Nonstructural properties and uses.,Conference on Tropical hardwoods SC-5/TN-5, Syracuse UniversityBrown, W.H.,1978,Timbers of the World No.1 Africa,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesChudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.Farmer, R.H.,1972,Handbook of Hardwoods,HMSOForest Products Research Laboratory, U.K.,1955,Kiln-Drying Schedules,Forest Products Research Laboratory, Princes Risborough, Department of,Science and Industrial Research, Building Research Establishment Leaflet,No.42Howard, A.L.,1948,A Manual of Timbers of the World.,Macmillan & Co. Ltd. London 3rd ed.Jay, B.A.,1968,Timbers of West Africa,TRADA, Red Booklet SeriesMalaysian Timber Industry Board,1986,100 Malaysian Timbers,The Malaysian Timber Industry BoardNormand, D., Paquis, J.,1976,Manuel D'Identification des Bois Commerciaux. Tome 2. Afrique,Guineo-Congolaise,CTFTNormand, D.,1960,Les Ebenes dans le Monde,Bois et Forets des Tropiques,No.72,pp15-22Rendle, B.J.,1969,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Ernest Benn Ltd. LondonSmith, J.,1948,Ebony in the Mamfe Division,Farm and Forest Nigerian Forester,9(1,pp28-32Timber Development Association Ltd.,1955,World Timbers (3 Vols.,Timber Development Association Ltd.
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