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Keruing
Keruing (Dipterocarpus caudiferus)

Family: Dipterocarpaceae

Common names: Angu, Apitong, Bebe, Dau, Eng, Gurjun, Heng, Huevos de gato, In, Keruing, Lagan, Lagunero, Mututi, Nogal falso, Palo de pollo, Pau sangua, Sangre, Sangre de drago, Sangrillo, Yang, Yaya sangre

Distributed in: Malaysia (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: Brunei, Indonesia (Kalimantan), Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak). A very large tree found in mixed dipterocarp forests on undulating land and hillsides. It is an important source of keruing timber.

Common uses: Beams, Boat building, Building construction, Cabin construction, Canoes, Concrete formwork, Construction, Core Stock, Crossties, Decks, Decorative plywood, Decorative veneer, Domestic flooring, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Figured veneer, Flooring, Form work, Foundation posts, Framing, Heavy construction, Joists, Lifeboats, Light construction, Pallets, Parquet flooring, Plain veneer, Plywood, Porch columns, Railroad ties, Rough construction, Shipbuilding, Structural plywood, Sub-flooring, Utility plywood, Veneer

Environment profile: Status unknown due to inadequate information

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Yellowand the sapwoodGrey, Wide.The grain isStraight to shallowly interlocked, the textureModerately coarseand the lusterNon-lustrous

Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Susceptible to termite attack

Odor: Strong resinous smell associated with freshly cut wood

Silica Content: Likely to have significant impact on machining

Kiln Schedules: T3 - D2 (4/4); T3 - D1 (8/4) US

Drying Defects: Internal Honeycombing Possible, Warping can be expected

Ease of Drying: High shrinkage is common

Blunting Effect: Fairly severe blunting effect on cutters

Cutting Resistance: Saw teeth blunted rapidly and severely by some stock

Gluing: Fairly difficult to glue

Nailing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy, Satisfactory nailing properties

Planing: Straight grained and easy to work in most machining operations

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is moderately resistant

Response to hand tools: Easy to Work

Routing recessing: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Sanding: Good sanding properties

Veneering qualities: Veneers easily, Veneers moderately easy

Steam bending: Steaming accompanied by severe resin exudation

Turning: Wood containing silica may severely blunt cutting edges

Polishing: Resin exudation impacts polishing/finishing ;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,57
Density 737 kg/m3
Bending Strength 667 1040 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 339 571 kg/cm2
Hardness 457 kg
Impact Strength 65 93 cm
Shearing Strength 121 kg/cm2
Stiffness 130 139 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage %
Weight kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,84 1,4 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness 270 cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 9496 14803 psi
Density 46 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1009 lbs
Impact Strength 26 37 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 4827 8128 psi
Shearing Strength 1735 psi
Stiffness 1859 1980 1000 psi
Toughness 235 inch-lbs
Work to Maximum Load 12 20 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.57
Weight 45 37. lbs/ft3


Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.HMSO.1972.Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition.Revised by R.H. Farmer.Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1
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