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KapurKapur
Kapur (Dryobalanops lanceolata)

Family: Dipterocarpaceae

Common names: Borneo camphorwood, Kapur, Keladan

Distributed in: Indonesia, Malaysia (Oceania and S.E. Asia)

Distribution overview: Indonesia (Kalimantan) and Malaysia (Sabah). This is the tallest recorded dipterocarp tree. Its kapur timber fetches the highest prices in Borneo and the species is also a major source of Borneo camphor.

Common uses: Bent Parts, Boat building, Building construction, Building materials, Cabin construction, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Chairs, Chests, Construction, Core Stock, Decorative plywood, Desks, Dining-room furniture, Domestic flooring, Drawer sides, Excelsior, Factory construction, Factory flooring, Fine furniture, Flooring, Furniture , Furniture components, Furniture squares or stock, Hatracks, Heavy construction, Joinery, Kitchen cabinets, Lifeboats, Living-room suites, Mine timbers, Office furniture, Parquet flooring, Plywood, Radio - stereo - TV cabinets, Rustic furniture, Shipbuilding, Stools, Structural plywood, Sub-flooring, Utility furniture

Product sources: Kapur is the trade name of timber from several species of Dryobalanops that are usually marketed together.

Environment profile: Generally secure within its natural habitat

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 150-200 cm

Colors: the heart isReddish brown, Yellowishand the sapwoodWide, Yellowish brown.The grain isStraight, the textureMedium coarse to coarseand the lusterHigh

Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Very durable

Odor: Camphor like odor associated with freshly cut wood The smell persists for some time even in the seasoned wood. It does, however, disappear with time

Kiln Schedules: T10 - D4S (4/4); T8 - D3S (8/4) US

Kiln Drying Rate: Naturally dries slowly

Drying Defects: Slight cupping, Slight twist/warp

Ease of Drying: Slowly

Comments: Effect on Textiles and Metals - A yellow chemical in the sapwood may stain fabrics under moist conditions. The wood is acidic and may corrode metals it comes in contact with. Iron and iron compounds may also stain the wood under damp conditions

Blunting Effect: Medium dulling effect on cutting edges Blunting effect is generally medium, but material with interlocked grain can cause severe dulling.

Cutting Resistance: Moderate blunting of saw teeth

Nailing: Satisfactory nailing properties

Planing: Very Good to Excellent

Resistance to Impregnation: Sapwood is permeable

Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work

Sanding: Yields relatively smooth surfaces

Steam bending: Poor to Very Poor Results

Screwing: Good screwing properties ; Turning: Fairly Easy to Very Easy

Polishing: Very Good to Excellent; Staining: Satisfactory staining properties ;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity 0,57 0,69
Density 753 kg/m3
Bending Strength 837 1197 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 411 668 kg/cm2
Hardness 546 kg
Impact Strength 71 91 cm
Shearing Strength 117 kg/cm2
Stiffness 117 139 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage %
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Weight 817 737 kg/m3
Maximum Load 0,91 1,12 cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 11917 17037 psi
Density 47 lbs/ft3
Hardness 1205 lbs
Impact Strength 28 36 inches
Maximum Crushing Strength 5852 9502 psi
Shearing Strength 1673 psi
Stiffness 1667 1982 1000 psi
Work to Maximum Load 13 16 inch-lbs/in3
Specific Gravity 0.57 0.69
Weight 51 46 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 5 %
Tangential Shrinkage 10 %


Bodig, J. and B. A. Jayne. 1982. Mechanics of Wood and Wood Composites. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York.Chudnoff, M.,1984,Tropical Timbers of the World,U.S.A. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products,Laboratory, Madison.HMSO.1972.Handbook of Hardwoods, 2nd Edition.Revised by R.H. Farmer.Department of the Environment, Building Research Establishment, Princes Risborough Laboratory, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Keating, W.G., Bolza, E.,1982,Characteristics properties and uses of timbers. South East Asia, Northern,Australia and the Pacific,C.S.I.R.O. Div. Chemical Technology,Inkata Press,1Lavers, G. M.1966.The Strength Properties of Timbers.Forest Products Research Bulletin, No. 50.Ministry of Technology, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London.Lincoln, W.A. 1986. World Woods in Color. Linden Publishing Co. Inc., Fresno, California.
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