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Ditta 5
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African yellow wood
African yellow wood (Enantia chlorantha)

Family: Annonaceae

Common names: African yellow wood, Banuke, Baoue, Bawe, Belvi, Bololo, Bonuke, Bonuku bololo, Bopalo, Chibo, Debima, Dua sika, Dubuma, Ehranbabogo, Erenbavbogo, Esabawogo, Esuro, Gbawe, Kakerim, Kakerin, Koduben, Kpaini, Mbawe, Mfo, Mfol, Mfoo, Moambe jaune, Mpouley, Muamba jaune, Nfoo, Nje, Njie, Osomolu, Osopupa, Sohn, Woyoyo, Yaru, Yellow wood

Distributed in: Angola, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Nigeria, Zaire (Africa)

Common uses: Agricultural implements, Boat building (general), Boxes and crates, Cabinetmaking, Canoes, Carvings, Chemical derivatives, Flooring, Furniture, Joinery, Light construction, Matches, Millwork, Mine timbers, Particleboard, Plywood, Poles, Posts, Pulp/Paper products, Sporting Goods, Tool handles, Turnery, Vehicle parts, Veneer: decorative

Tree size: Trunk diameter is 100-150 cm

Colors: the heart isGreenish to greyish, Yellow to golden-yellow to orangeand the sapwoodWhite, Yellow.The grain isStraight, the textureMediumand the lusterMedium

Natural durability: Susceptible to insect attack, Susceptible to marine borer attack

Kiln Schedules: Drying (speed) is fast

Tree Identification: Bole/stem form is not buttressed

Comments: General finishing qualities are rated as good

Blunting Effect: Little

Cutting Resistance: Cutting Resistance with dry wood is easy

Gluing: Easy to glue

Nailing: Easy to nail

Planing: Poor to Very Poor

Response to hand tools: Fairly Difficult to Difficult to Work


Polishing: Good;

  • Numerical data Metric
  • Numerical data English
  • Strength properties
  • References
Item Green Dry Metric
Specific Gravity
Density 480 kg/m3
Bending Strength 676 1052 kg/cm2
Crushing Strength 244 406 kg/cm2
Hardness 298 kg
Impact Strength cm
Shearing Strength 62 kg/cm2
Stiffness 79 92 1000 kg/cm2
Tangential Shrinkage 6 %
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Weight 464 400 kg/m3
Maximum Load cm-kg/cm3
Toughness cm-kg
Static Bending kg/cm2
Item Green Dry English
Bending Strength 9615 14970 psi
Density 30 lbs/ft3
Hardness 657 lbs
Maximum Crushing Strength 3472 5777 psi
Shearing Strength 882 psi
Stiffness 1131 1321 1000 psi
Weight 29 25 lbs/ft3
Radial Shrinkage 3 %
Tangential Shrinkage 6 %
Volumetric Shrinkage 8 %

Shrinkage, Tangential = small
Shrinkage, Radial = small
Density (dry weight) = 31-37 lbs/cu. ft.
Shrinkage, Tangential = very small
Shrinkage, Radial = very small
Max. crushing strength = medium
Bending strength (MOR) = medium
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = very low
Density (dry weight) = 23-30 lbs/cu. ft.
Bending strength (MOR) = low
Bending strength (MOR) = high
Shrinkage, Volumetric = very small
Shrinkage, Volumetric = small
Shrinkage, Volumetric = moderate
Shrinkage, Tangential = moderate
Shrinkage, Tangential = fairly large
Shrinkage, Radial = moderate
Shearing strength (parallel to grain) = very low
Modulus of Elasticity (stiffness) = low
Max. crushing strength = low
Hardness (side grain) = very soft
Hardness (side grain) = soft

Bolza, E., Keating, W.G.,1972,African Timbers - the Properties, Uses and Characteristics of 700 Species,C.S.I.R.O. Div. of Building ResearchCooper, G.P., Record, S.J.,1931,The Evergreen Forests of Liberia,Yale School Forestry Bulletin,31,pp1-153Erfurth, T., Rusche, H.,1976,The Marketing of Tropical Wood A. Wood Species from African Moist Forests,F.A.O. Forestry DepartmentFrance - C.T.F.T./C.T.B.,1982,Guide pour le Choix des Essences Deroulables-pour la fabrication du,contreplaque,C.T.F.T./C.T.B. FranceGutierrez Oliva, A., Plaza Pulgar, F.,1967,Caracteristicas fisico-mecanicas de las maderas Espanolas. (Physical and,mechanical properties of Spanish timbers.,Min.Agric./Dir.Gen Montes/Instituto Forestral de Investigaciones,y,Experiencias, Madrid pp102Hedin, L.,1930,Etude sur la Foret et les Bois du Cameroun,Haut-Commissaire de la CamerounKeay, R.W.J., et al,1960,Nigerian Trees Vol.1,Nigeria Federal Department of Forest Research, IbadanKennedy, J.D.,1936,Forest Flora of Southern Nigeria,Government Printer LagosSallenave, P.,1955,Proprietes Phyiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux de l'Union Francaise,C.T.F.TSallenave, P.,1964,Proprietes Physiques et Mecaniques des Bois Tropicaux (Premier Supplement,C.T.F.T. Publ.,no.23Takahashi, A.,1978,Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign Woods (Part,III) Africa,Shimane University, Japan, Research Report on Foreign Wood No. 7United Kingdom - H.M.S.O.,1954,Report of the Matchwood Working Party,H.M.S.O. for the Board of Trade and Ministry of MaterialsUnwin, A.H.,1920,West African Forests and Forestry,T. Fisher Unwin Ltd. London
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